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Identify the three times to check the medication, dose, route, and patient to ensure that you are administering the medication safely.
- A. When removing the medication from the storage area
- B. When preparing the medication
- C. When administering the medication to the patient
- D. When documenting the administration
- E. When reviewing the patient's chart
- F. When consulting the pharmacist
- G. When checking the medication order
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Checking the medication, dose, route, and patient at removal, preparation, and administration ensures safety by catching errors at multiple points.
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The trade name of a drug is also referred to as the
- A. Brand name.
- B. Chemical name.
- C. Proprietary name.
- D. Generic name.
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: The trade name of a drug is synonymous with its brand name and proprietary name, as these terms refer to the name given by the manufacturer, distinct from the generic or chemical name.
The oral route of medication administration includes
- A. Sublingual and buccal medicines.
- B. Inhalants and mists.
- C. Ointments and patches.
- D. Eye and ear drops.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sublingual and buccal medications are administered through the mouth, qualifying as oral routes, whereas the others involve different administration methods.
The patient you are caring for has been placed on warfarin (Coumadin) to prevent blood clots. Which teaching will you provide?
- A. Do not take aspirin or products containing aspirin while you are taking Coumadin.
- B. Report excessive bruising or bleeding from the gums, eyes, kidneys, intestines, or vagina.
- C. Do not consume milk or other dairy products while you are taking Coumadin.
- D. Do not drink grapefruit juice or eat grapefruit while you are taking Coumadin.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Aspirin increases bleeding risk with warfarin, and excessive bleeding is a serious side effect to report. Dairy and grapefruit do not significantly interact with warfarin.
A pharmaceutical company has developed a new medicine that was costly to create. How will the company be compensated for the cost of their research and development?
- A. They will set the price of the medication very high to allow rebates from insurance companies.
- B. They will be awarded money from the government for developing a new medicine.
- C. They will get a portion of the payments that other companies receive when they sell the drug.
- D. They will be allowed to sell the medication with no competition for approximately 10 years.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pharmaceutical companies are granted patents, allowing exclusive sales rights for a period (typically around 10-20 years), enabling them to recoup research and development costs without competition.
You are caring for a patient who has an order for an IV antibiotic. When you hang the second bag, the patient goes into an anaphylactic reaction. Which actions will you expect to perform?
- A. Stop the medication immediately.
- B. Slow the IV rate and administer diphenhydramine (Benadryl) via the IV route.
- C. Follow the facility policy for responding to anaphylaxis.
- D. Increase IV fluids to help increase the blood pressure.
- E. Obtain IV epinephrine in case it is needed.
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: In anaphylaxis, immediately stopping the medication, following facility protocol, and preparing epinephrine are critical. Slowing the IV or increasing fluids without addressing the reaction is inappropriate.