Nokea
Which of the following is an example of an over-the-counter medication?
- A. Hydrocodone (Lortab)
- B. Amoxicillin (Amoxil)
- C. Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
- D. Cefazolin (Ancef)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is available without a prescription, making it an over-the-counter medication, unlike the others, which require prescriptions.
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You are caring for a patient who has an order for an IV antibiotic. When you hang the second bag, the patient goes into an anaphylactic reaction. Which actions will you expect to perform?
- A. Stop the medication immediately.
- B. Slow the IV rate and administer diphenhydramine (Benadryl) via the IV route.
- C. Follow the facility policy for responding to anaphylaxis.
- D. Increase IV fluids to help increase the blood pressure.
- E. Obtain IV epinephrine in case it is needed.
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: In anaphylaxis, immediately stopping the medication, following facility protocol, and preparing epinephrine are critical. Slowing the IV or increasing fluids without addressing the reaction is inappropriate.
List the seven rights of medication administration.
- A. Right patient
- B. Right medication
- C. Right dose
- D. Right route
- E. Right time
- F. Right documentation
- G. Right reason
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E,F,G
Rationale: The seven rights ensure safe medication administration by verifying the correct patient, medication, dose, route, time, documentation, and reason for administration.
A 46-year-old female patient developed swelling of the tongue and throat after taking a new antibiotic. She went to the ER because she was having difficulty breathing. Which drug effect has occurred?
- A. A desired effect
- B. A side effect
- C. An adverse effect
- D. A severe adverse effect
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Swelling of the tongue and throat with difficulty breathing indicates a severe adverse effect, likely anaphylaxis, which is life-threatening.
The oral route of medication administration includes
- A. Sublingual and buccal medicines.
- B. Inhalants and mists.
- C. Ointments and patches.
- D. Eye and ear drops.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sublingual and buccal medications are administered through the mouth, qualifying as oral routes, whereas the others involve different administration methods.
Before administering any antihypertensive medication, you will first
- A. Ask the patient if he or she is allergic to any antibiotics.
- B. Check the chart for the most recent temperature readings.
- C. Ensure that any ordered blood cultures have already been drawn.
- D. Check the patient's blood pressure to ensure that it is not too low.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Checking blood pressure before administering antihypertensives prevents giving the medication if the pressure is too low, avoiding hypotension.