Nokea
Identify what short-term evaluation technique is appropriate to assess whether the patient has met the following learning goals.
- A. Demonstration
- B. Verbalization
- C. Selection
- D. Observation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Each learning goal requires a different evaluation technique: Demonstration for subcutaneous insulin injection, Verbalization for identifying side effects of Coumadin, Selection for choosing potassium-rich foods, Observation for verbalizing no shortness of breath, and Verbalization for stating readiness to change a dressing. The correct technique depends on the specific goal.
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What is the rationale for using preoperative checklists on the day of surgery?
- A. The patient is correctly identified.
- B. All preoperative orders and procedures have been carried out and records are complete.
- C. Patients' families have been informed as to where they can accompany and wait for patients.
- D. Preoperative medications are the last procedure before the patient is transported to the operating room.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Checklists ensure all necessary steps are completed, enhancing patient safety.
During a home visit to an older client living alone post-coronary artery bypass graft, what finding prompts the nurse to consider additional referrals?
- A. Dirty carpets requiring vacuuming
- B. Expired food found in the refrigerator
- C. Outdated medications stored in the kitchen
- D. Presence of multiple cats in the home
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B (Expired food found in the refrigerator) because it poses a potential health risk to the client. Expired food can lead to foodborne illnesses, especially for an older adult post-surgery. Dirty carpets (choice A) may not directly impact the client's health. Outdated medications (choice C) can be addressed by the nurse without additional referrals. The presence of multiple cats (choice D) may be a concern for allergies or cleanliness, but it is not as urgent as expired food in terms of health risks.
What statement by Mr. Ross indicates postural drainage has been effective?
- A. ‘I have been able to eat a little better during the past week.’
- B. ‘I have not gained any during the past week.’
- C. ‘I have not been able to sleep very well at night.’
- D. ‘I have been bringing up lots of sputum when I cough.’
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Effective postural drainage clears secretions, evidenced by productive coughing.
A nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. What is the most important aspect of teaching the nurse should focus on?
- A. The importance of regular exercise
- B. Proper administration of insulin
- C. Maintaining a low-carbohydrate diet
- D. Recognizing signs of hyperglycemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, proper administration of insulin, because it is crucial for managing type 1 diabetes. Insulin is essential for regulating blood sugar levels in type 1 diabetes patients. Without proper insulin administration, the client's condition can deteriorate rapidly. Regular exercise (A) and a low-carbohydrate diet (C) are important aspects of diabetes management, but they are not as critical as ensuring proper insulin administration. Recognizing signs of hyperglycemia (D) is important, but knowing how to administer insulin correctly takes precedence in effectively managing type 1 diabetes.
The joints most commonly involved with rheumatoid arthritis include the
- A. Spine, from the sacrum to the cervical spine.
- B. Symmetrical involvement of major joints.
- C. Small joints of hands and feet.
- D. Slightly movable joints of the axial skeleton.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: RA primarily affects small joints symmetrically.