Nokea
Why would older Asian adults agree with a nurse even though they do not understand each other?
- A. Because they consider it shameful to express that they did not understand each other.
- B. Because they consider it disrespectful to disagree with the nurse.
- C. Because they believe that disagreeing with the nurse would harm their spirit.
- D. Because they believe that listening to the nurse nonjudgmentally is polite.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In many Asian cultures, disagreement with authority figures is seen as disrespectful, affecting communication dynamics.
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A healthcare professional is assessing a client who has a new onset of confusion. Which laboratory value should the professional check first?
- A. Blood glucose level
- B. Serum sodium level
- C. Serum calcium level
- D. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Blood glucose level. The healthcare professional should check the blood glucose level first because hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia can cause confusion. Hypoglycemia can lead to altered mental status quickly and should be ruled out immediately. Checking the serum sodium level (B), serum calcium level (C), or blood urea nitrogen (D) can be important in further assessment, but addressing the blood glucose level is the primary concern in this scenario to rule out any immediate life-threatening conditions related to glucose imbalance.
A client with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is receiving hemodialysis. Which assessment finding indicates a need for immediate action?
- A. Weight gain of 1 kg since the last dialysis session
- B. Blood pressure of 150/90 mm Hg
- C. Potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L
- D. Hemoglobin level of 10 g/dL
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L. High potassium levels in ESRD patients can lead to life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. Immediate action is needed to prevent complications. A: Weight gain may indicate fluid retention, but it's not an immediate concern. B: Blood pressure is elevated but not an urgent issue. D: Hemoglobin level of 10 g/dL is within the acceptable range for ESRD patients and does not require immediate action.
When should nurses view rehabilitation as a process?
- A. Occurs in the last stage of the patient’s hospitalization
- B. Encompasses all nursing practice goals and activities
- C. Occurs primarily in a specialized unit of the hospital
- D. May not be achieved for all patients
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rehabilitation is an integral part of nursing practice that spans all stages of care, focusing on restoring function and independence.
Persons at risk are the target population for cancer screening programs. Which asymptomatic patient(s) needs extra encouragement to participate in cancer screening? (Choose all that apply.)
- A. A 19-year-old white-American female who is sexually inactive for a Pap smear.
- B. A 35-year-old white-American female for an annual mammogram.
- C. A 45-year-old African-American male for an annual prostate-specific antigen.
- D. A 49-year-old African-American male for an annual fecal occult blood test.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: African-American males are at higher risk for prostate and colorectal cancers, making regular screening crucial for early detection.
A nurse cares for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who has been prescribed continuous oxygen therapy at home. Which statement indicates the client correctly understands the teaching?
- A. I plan to wear my oxygen when I exercise & feel short of breath.
- B. I will use my portable oxygen when grilling burgers in the backyard.
- C. I plan to use cotton balls to cushion the oxygen tubing on my ears.
- D. I will only smoke while I am wearing my oxygen via nasal cannula.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because using cotton balls to cushion the oxygen tubing on the ears helps prevent skin irritation or pressure ulcers. This indicates the client understands the importance of skin care and comfort while using oxygen therapy.
A: Incorrect. The client should wear oxygen during all activities that increase oxygen demand, not just when feeling short of breath during exercise.
B: Incorrect. Using portable oxygen near an open flame like a grill can result in a fire hazard.
D: Incorrect. Smoking while using oxygen therapy is extremely dangerous and can lead to a fire.