Nokea
In a patient with a stable vertebral fracture, what should the nurse teach the patient to do?
- A. Remain on bed rest until the pain is gone.
- B. Logroll to keep the spine straight when turning.
- C. How to use bone cement to correct the problem.
- D. Take as much analgesic as needed to relieve the pain.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Logrolling minimizes further injury to the spine.
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Dysphasia suggests the impairment of:
- A. speech
- B. gait
- C. swallowing
- D. movement
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Speech is the correct answer because dysphasia refers to a language disorder that affects the ability to produce or comprehend spoken or written language. It is typically caused by damage to the language centers of the brain, such as Broca's or Wernicke's areas, and results in difficulties with communication.
Which of the following lifestyle factors is the strongest predictor of stroke risk?
- A. cigarette smoking
- B. alcohol consumption
- C. taking illicit drugs
- D. obesity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for stroke, as it contributes to the development of atherosclerosis (narrowing and hardening of arteries) and increases the likelihood of blood clots. Quitting smoking significantly reduces stroke risk.
A patient arrived in the ER with a head injury. She is unconscious. The physician and a fellow nurse are the only staff members near the patient. Her husband begins to criticize the attending physician and suggest that a different physician should care for this patient. What is the best response?
- A. Report the nurse to the attending physician.
- B. Call the nurse away from the patient and remind him that the patient can still hear even if unconscious.
- C. Ask the nurse why he has such feelings.
- D. Simply nod your head in agreement.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Unconscious patients can still perceive their surroundings; thus, maintaining professional communication is important.
Which of the following positions would be most comfortable for Mr. Tucker?
- A. Supine with head elevated 20-30° and knees flexed
- B. Prone with head turned to side and feet extending over mattress edge
- C. Flat on back with the bed gatched in the middle
- D. Supine with a hard thick pillow under the lumbar region
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This position reduces strain on the back muscles.
The nurse and a licensed practical nurse (LPN) are caring for a group of clients. Which nursing task should not be assigned to the LPN?
- A. Administer a skeletal muscle relaxant to a client diagnosed with low back pain.
- B. Discuss bowel regimen medications with the HCP for the client on strict bed rest.
- C. Draw morning blood work on the client diagnosed with bacterial meningitis.
- D. Teach self-catheterization to the client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Teaching self-catheterization requires advanced assessment and teaching skills, which are typically outside the scope of practice for an LPN.