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In an extreme situation and when no other resident or intern is available, should a nurse receive telephone orders, the order has to be correctly written and signed by the physician within:
- A. 24 hours
- B. 36 hours
- C. 48 hours
- D. 12 hours
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In an extreme situation where no other resident or intern is available, if a nurse receives telephone orders, the order has to be correctly written and signed by the physician within 36 hours. This time frame ensures timely documentation and validation of the orders. Choice A (24 hours) is too short a period for busy physicians to fulfill the task. Choice C (48 hours) is too long and delays the incorporation of physician orders into the patient's care plan. Choice D (12 hours) may not provide enough time for the physician to review and sign the order, especially in situations where immediate attention is not required.
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What is the most appropriate instruction to provide to the parent of a child who does not like a food item?
- A. The child should not be encouraged to try it again.
- B. The child should be offered a reward if they eat most of the food items.
- C. The child should be offered the item at least 8 times on different occasions.
- D. The child should be encouraged to eat at least 5 bites of the food item.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Encouraging repeated exposure to the food item can help the child develop a taste for it. Option A is incorrect as it suggests avoiding encouraging the child to try the food again, which may hinder their ability to develop a liking for it. Option B is incorrect as using rewards for eating may not promote a genuine interest in the food item. Option D is incorrect because setting a specific number of bites may create pressure and negativity around mealtime, rather than fostering a positive association with the food.
By force of law, therefore, the PRC-Board of Nursing released Resolution No. 14 Series of 1999 entitled: "Adoption of a Nursing Specialty Certification Program and Creation of Nursing Specialty Certification Council." This rule-making power is called:
- A. Quasi-Judicial Power
- B. Regulatory Power
- C. Quasi-Legislative Power
- D. Executive/Promulgating Power
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Regulatory Power. Regulatory power involves the authority to create rules and regulations that govern a specific area. In this case, the PRC-Board of Nursing's release of Resolution No. 14 Series of 1999 for the Nursing Specialty Certification Program falls under regulatory power as it establishes guidelines and standards for nursing specialty certification. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Quasi-judicial power involves making decisions on rights and obligations, quasi-legislative power involves creating regulations with the force of law, and executive/promulgating power involves enforcing and implementing laws and regulations.
Which change during pregnancy is related to the slowing of the gastrointestinal tract?
- A. Diarrhea
- B. Constipation
- C. Decreased absorption of iron
- D. Decreased absorption of calcium
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During pregnancy, the gastrointestinal tract tends to slow down, leading to constipation. This is due to hormonal changes that relax the intestinal muscles, allowing more time for nutrient absorption and ultimately leading to constipation. Diarrhea is not typically associated with the slowing of the gastrointestinal tract during pregnancy. Decreased absorption of iron and calcium may occur during pregnancy due to increased demands, but they are not directly related to the slowing of the gastrointestinal tract.
Being in contact with reality and the environment is a function of the:
- A. conscience
- B. ego
- C. id
- D. super ego
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Being in contact with reality and the environment is a function of the ego. The ego is responsible for mediating between the id's basic desires, the superego's idealistic standards, and the real world. The conscience (not listed as a choice) is related to feelings of guilt or moral responsibility. The id represents primal instincts, and the superego represents the internalized ideals and moral standards.
The nurse cares for a hospitalized adolescent with the diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. Which nursing goal is a priority for this client?
- A. Encourage effective coping skills
- B. Restore normal eating habits
- C. Stop weight loss or restore weight
- D. Promote realistic self-image
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the treatment of anorexia nervosa, stopping weight loss or restoring weight is a critical priority. This helps address the immediate health risks associated with severe malnutrition and supports the client's physical well-being. Encouraging effective coping skills, restoring normal eating habits, and promoting a realistic self-image are essential aspects of treatment but may come later in the care plan once the immediate risk of severe weight loss has been addressed.