Nokea
In an open system, different initial conditions may lead to the same final result and different outcomes may be produced from the same causes. This is an example of what?
- A. Systems theory
- B. Equifinality
- C. Circular causality
- D. Cause and effect
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Equifinality describes how varied paths can lead to the same outcome in open systems.
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Confidence is
- A. Walking into a room thinking you are better than everyone around
- B. Saying positive about yourself to other people
- C. Walking in not having to compare yourself to anyone at all
- D. Saying positive things about yourself to yourself
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Confidence is internal assurance without comparison.
Joe, who has come to the mental health clinic with symptoms of depression, says to the nurse, 'My father is dying. I have always hated my father. He physically abused me when I was a child. We haven't spoken for many years. He wants to see me now, but I don't know if I want to see him.' With which spiritual need is Joe struggling?
- A. Forgiveness
- B. Faith
- C. Hope
- D. Meaning and purpose in life
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Joe's struggle with his father, marked by past abuse and current reluctance to reconnect, indicates a need to address forgiveness as a spiritual concern, aligning with option a.
An event that follows a behaviour is
- A. Consequence
- B. Action
- C. Antecedent
- D. None of these
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A consequence follows behavior, per operant conditioning.
Children of a widowed parent confer with the nurse; their surviving parent repeatedly relates the details of finding the deceased parent not breathing, performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation, going to the hospital by ambulance, and seeing the pronouncement of death. The family asks, What can we do? The nurse should counsel the family:
- A. to share their own feelings with the surviving parent and ask for the retelling to stop.
- B. that retelling the story should be limited to once daily to avoid unnecessary stimulation.
- C. that retelling memories is to be expected as part of the aging process.
- D. that repeating the story is a helpful and a necessary part of grieving.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nurses are encouraged to tell bereaved patients that telling the personal story of loss as many times as needed is acceptable and healthy; repetition is a helpful and necessary part of grieving. Limits should not be placed on the retelling.
When questioning a male patient about his sexual orientation, which of the following statements would be most appropriate?
- A. Are you gay?
- B. Would you consider yourself a homosexual?
- C. Are you sexually active with other men?
- D. Do you sleep with men?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This question is specific, neutral, and relevant to health risks without assumptions.