Nokea
In binomial nomenclature, what is the second part of an organismÄ€™s scientific name?
- A. species
- B. phylum
- C. population
- D. kingdom
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In binomial nomenclature, the scientific name of an organism consists of two parts: the genus name (first part) and the species name (second part). The second part, 'species,' helps differentiate between different organisms within the same genus. This specific naming system is critical for accurate identification and classification of organisms. Hence, the correct answer is 'species.'
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Which of the following nucleotides is not a component of DNA?
- A. Adenine
- B. Thymine
- C. Uracil
- D. Cytosine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The four nucleotides that make up DNA are Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine. Uracil is a nucleotide base that is present in RNA but not in DNA. Therefore, Uracil is the correct answer as it is not a component of DNA.
Which of the following is not an RNA base?
- A. Adenine
- B. Thymine
- C. Uracil
- D. Cytosine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In RNA, the bases are Adenine, Uracil, and Cytosine. Thymine is uniquely found in DNA and not RNA. Adenine pairs with Uracil, while Cytosine pairs with Guanine in RNA. Thus, Thymine is not an RNA base, making it the correct answer.
Select the two bases that are purines:
- A. A
- B. C
- C. T
- D. N
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Purines are adenine (A) and guanine (G), which are the larger nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA. Adenine (A) is one of the purine bases, whereas cytosine (C) and thymine (T) are pyrimidines. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Option D, 'N,' is not a purine base.
In the human life cycle, only sperm and eggs have which number of chromosomes?
- A. Diploid
- B. Polyploid
- C. Monoploid
- D. Haploid
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In humans, sperm and egg cells are haploid, meaning they contain half the number of chromosomes (23) compared to diploid cells (46). This reduction in chromosome number is essential for sexual reproduction, allowing the formation of a diploid zygote upon fertilization. Haploid cells carry only one set of chromosomes, which is necessary for genetic diversity and the fusion of genetic material during fertilization.
Which of the following is true of the Krebs cycle?
- A. It is a redox reaction involving proteins produced during glycolysis
- B. It is a redox reaction involving sugars produced during glycolysis
- C. Protons are passed along a gradient to produce ATP
- D. It is also known as the glycolic acid cycle
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle, is a series of chemical reactions that generate energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from sugars produced during glycolysis. It is not primarily a reaction involving proteins or protons being passed along gradients to produce ATP. The cycle is distinct from the glycolic acid cycle, which is a separate metabolic pathway. Therefore, the correct answer is B.