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Which of the following is a benefit of the intermolecular hydrogen bonding of water? (Select one that doesn't apply.)

  • A. Water has a relatively high specific heat capacity.
  • B. Water has strong cohesive and adhesive properties.
  • C. Polarity of water allows it to act as a versatile solvent.
  • D. Water moves from higher to lower concentrations.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The process described in option D, 'Water moves from higher to lower concentrations,' is not a direct benefit of intermolecular hydrogen bonding of water. Rather, this movement of water from higher to lower concentrations is attributed to osmosis, a phenomenon driven by differences in solute concentrations across a semi-permeable membrane. The other options, A, B, and C, directly result from water's intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Water's high specific heat capacity (A) is due to the hydrogen bonds, which allow water to absorb and release large amounts of heat with minimal temperature change. The strong cohesive and adhesive properties of water (B) are a result of hydrogen bonding, enabling water to stick to other substances. Lastly, the polarity of water (C) due to hydrogen bonding makes it an effective solvent by interacting with various solutes.

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Which type of technological device mimics the human body's innate ability to maintain homeostasis?

  • A. Thermostat.
  • B. Cell phone.
  • C. Vacuum cleaner.
  • D. Electric iron.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Thermostat. A thermostat mimics the human body's ability to maintain homeostasis by regulating temperature to keep it within a narrow range. The human body also maintains internal balance through various physiological mechanisms. The other choices (B: Cell phone, C: Vacuum cleaner, D: Electric iron) do not relate to maintaining homeostasis. Cell phones are communication devices, vacuum cleaners clean surfaces, and electric irons press clothing. Only a thermostat is designed to monitor and adjust temperature to maintain a stable internal environment, similar to the body's homeostatic mechanisms.

Phenotype refers to the....................of an individual.

  • A. Genetic makeup
  • B. Actual physical appearance
  • C. Recessive alleles
  • D. None of the above
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Phenotype refers to the observable characteristics or traits of an individual, such as physical appearance, behavior, and other observable features. While the genotype represents the genetic makeup of an individual, the phenotype is what is actually expressed or seen. Recessive alleles are specific forms of genes that can be present in the genotype but may not always be expressed in the phenotype.

What human tissue allows the body to move?

  • A. Connective.
  • B. Epithelial.
  • C. Muscular.
  • D. Nervous.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Muscular tissue. Muscular tissue is responsible for movement in the body as it contains specialized cells that can contract and relax, generating force to move body parts. Connective tissue (A) mainly provides support and structure, while epithelial tissue (B) functions in protection and absorption. Nervous tissue (D) transmits electrical signals but does not directly contribute to movement like muscular tissue does. Therefore, the correct choice is C as it is the only tissue type directly involved in body movement.

Where does anaerobic respiration happen and why?

  • A. Animals; they require energy
  • B. Plants; they undergo photosynthesis
  • C. Bacteria; they inhabit environments with low oxygen levels
  • D. None of the above
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Anaerobic respiration occurs in bacteria as they live in environments with low oxygen levels. In the absence of oxygen, bacteria resort to anaerobic respiration to produce energy. In contrast, animals and plants predominantly rely on aerobic respiration, which necessitates oxygen. Therefore, option C is correct as it accurately identifies the primary environment where anaerobic respiration takes place.

Why is homeostasis necessary?

  • A. It maintains temperature.
  • B. It maintains pH.
  • C. It maintains glucose levels.
  • D. All of the above.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Homeostasis is essential for maintaining the internal balance and stability of the body. It regulates various factors, such as temperature, pH levels, and glucose levels, to ensure optimal physiological function. Therefore, all the choices (temperature, pH, and glucose levels) are correct as they are all essential components of homeostasis, working together to keep the body's internal environment stable and functioning properly.

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