Biology

Biology Related

Review Biology related questions and content

Phenotype refers to the.................... of an individual.

  • A. Genetic makeup
  • B. Actual physical appearance
  • C. Recessive alleles
  • D. None of the above
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Phenotype refers to the observable physical characteristics of an individual, such as hair color, eye color, and height. It is the result of the interaction between an individual's genetic makeup (genotype) and environmental influences. Therefore, the correct answer is B, 'Actual physical appearance.' The term 'genetic makeup' (Choice A) refers to genotype, which is the actual set of genes an individual carries. 'Recessive alleles' (Choice C) are specific forms of genes that are masked by dominant alleles in heterozygous individuals and do not directly define the phenotype. 'None of the above' (Choice D) is incorrect as phenotype does refer to something among the given choices, which is the actual physical appearance.

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What part of a light microscope is used to hold the slide in place?

  • A. Stage clips
  • B. Rack stop.
  • C. Base.
  • D. Arm.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale:

What cellular appendage enables cells to move through their environments?

  • A. Flagellum
  • B. Cell membrane
  • C. Transport protein
  • D. Receptor
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The flagellum is a whip-like appendage found in certain cells like sperm cells and some bacteria, enabling them to move through their environments. It plays a crucial role in locomotion by allowing cells to swim or propel themselves in liquids, aiding in their movement and navigation.

How is the aerodynamic nature of a bird's wing best categorized in biology?

  • A. Organisms and their environment
  • B. Ontogeny
  • C. Structure and function
  • D. Heredity
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The aerodynamic nature of a bird's wing exemplifies the relationship between its structure and its function, showcasing how its form is intricately adapted for its function of flight. This concept of the interdependence of structure and function is a fundamental theme in biology. It emphasizes how the structures of living organisms are precisely designed to carry out specific functions, thereby influencing their survival and success in their respective environments.

What is the purpose of the mitochondria?

  • A. Control the cell
  • B. Generate energy
  • C. Synthesize proteins
  • D. Package waste for removal
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The mitochondria's main function is to generate energy for the cell through the process of cellular respiration. This organelle is often referred to as the powerhouse of the cell due to its role in producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the cell's main energy currency. While other organelles are responsible for activities like controlling the cell (nucleus) or synthesizing proteins (ribosomes), the mitochondria's primary role is energy production.

Epithelial cells are:

  • A. Polarized
  • B. Neutral
  • C. Larger than other cells
  • D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Epithelial cells are polarized, meaning they have distinct structural and functional differences between their apical and basolateral surfaces. This polarity allows them to perform specialized functions efficiently. The statement that epithelial cells are larger than other cells is incorrect as cell size can vary across different cell types, and being larger is not a defining characteristic of epithelial cells.

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