Nokea
Which cell organelle functions to transport materials from the endoplasmic reticulum throughout the cell?
- A. Ribosome
- B. Golgi apparatus
- C. Lysosome
- D. Vacuole
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Golgi apparatus. The Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids that it receives from the endoplasmic reticulum. After processing these materials, the Golgi apparatus transports them to other parts of the cell or outside the cell. It acts as a distribution center within the cell, ensuring that different molecules reach their correct destinations for various cellular functions.
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How does water affect the temperature of a living thing?
- A. Water increases temperature.
- B. Water helps keep temperature stable.
- C. Water decreases temperature.
- D. Water does not affect temperature.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Water has a high specific heat capacity, meaning it can absorb and release a large amount of heat with minimal temperature change. This property allows water to regulate and stabilize the temperature of living things by absorbing excess heat or providing warmth when releasing stored heat. Therefore, choice B, 'Water helps keep temperature stable,' is the correct answer.
How is the aerodynamic nature of a bird's wing best categorized in biology?
- A. Organisms and their environment
- B. Ontogeny
- C. Structure and function
- D. Heredity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The aerodynamic nature of a bird's wing exemplifies the relationship between its structure and its function, showcasing how its form is intricately adapted for its function of flight. This concept of the interdependence of structure and function is a fundamental theme in biology. It emphasizes how the structures of living organisms are precisely designed to carry out specific functions, thereby influencing their survival and success in their respective environments.
In a population of dogs, fur color is controlled by two alleles: black (B) and tan (b). The black allele shows complete dominance. If a dog has a tan fur phenotype, what is its genotype?
- A. BB
- B. Bb
- C. bb
- D. Not enough information
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: If a dog displays a tan fur phenotype, it indicates that the dog possesses two tan alleles, represented by the genotype bb. In this case, the dog cannot have any black alleles (B) since the black allele demonstrates complete dominance over the tan allele. Therefore, the correct genotype for a dog with a tan fur phenotype is bb.
Animals are composed primarily of what type of cell?
- A. Simple.
- B. Prokaryotic.
- C. Bacterial.
- D. Eukaryotic.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
How do animal cells divide during cytokinesis?
- A. Contractile ring
- B. Cell plate
- C. Both
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Animal cells divide using a contractile ring during cytokinesis. The contractile ring is composed of actin and myosin filaments and contracts to pinch the cell into two daughter cells. In contrast, cell plate formation is a mechanism observed in plant cells, not animal cells. Therefore, the correct answer is the contractile ring.