Respiratory System Questions and Answers PDF

Respiratory System Questions and Answers PDF Related

Review Respiratory System Questions and Answers PDF related questions and content

In Carbon monoxide poisoning, Hemoglobin shows about 250 times greater affinity with CO2 than oxygen and Carbonmonoxyheamoglobin (COHb). This causes Oxygen starvation and Asphyxia. The immediate remedy is

  • A. Giving pure Oxygen
  • B. Dialysis
  • C. Giving pure Oxygen Carbon dioxide mixture
  • D. Transfusing blood
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Giving pure Oxygen Carbon dioxide mixture. When hemoglobin binds with carbon monoxide (CO) instead of oxygen, it forms carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), which decreases the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood. Administering pure oxygen helps to displace CO from hemoglobin, but giving pure oxygen alone may not be sufficient in severe cases. By providing a mixture of pure oxygen and carbon dioxide, the increased carbon dioxide levels can help stimulate breathing and aid in the elimination of CO from the body more rapidly. This approach can help restore oxygen levels in the blood more effectively compared to just giving pure oxygen. Dialysis and blood transfusion are not immediate remedies for carbon monoxide poisoning and are not as directly targeted at addressing the underlying issue of COHb formation.

You may also like to solve these questions

The atmospheric pressure at sea level is

  • A. 1,000mm Hg.
  • B. 760mm Hg.
  • C. 540mm Hg.
  • D. 400mm Hg.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The atmospheric pressure at sea level is typically around 760mm Hg, which is equivalent to 101.3 kilopascals. This is the standard atmospheric pressure used in various scientific calculations. This value represents the pressure exerted by the weight of air above a given area at sea level. Choice B is correct because it accurately reflects the standard atmospheric pressure at sea level. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not match the accepted value for atmospheric pressure at sea level.

A nurse is preparing to obtain a sputum specimen from a client. Which of the following nursing actions will facilitate obtaining the specimen?

  • A. Limiting fluids.
  • B. Having the client take three deep breaths and cough deeply.
  • C. Asking the client to spit into the collection container.
  • D. Asking the client to obtain the specimen after eating.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: Taking deep breaths helps to bring sputum up from the lungs.
Step 2: Coughing deeply helps to further bring sputum up.
Step 3: This action facilitates the collection of a good sputum specimen.
Step 4: Limiting fluids can make sputum thicker and harder to expectorate.
Step 5: Asking the client to spit may result in saliva instead of sputum.
Step 6: Asking for a specimen after eating can lead to contamination.

Rhea, confused and short breath, is brought to the emergency department by a family member. The medical history reveals chronic bronchitis and hypertension. To learn more about the current respiratory problem, the doctor orders a chest x-ray and arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis. When reviewing the ABG report, the nurses see many abbreviations. What does a lowercase  in ABG value present?

  • A. Acid-base balance
  • B. Arterial Blood
  • C. Arterial oxygen saturation
  • D. Alveoli
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Arterial Blood. The lowercase "a" in ABG values denotes arterial blood, indicating that the values are specific to the blood obtained from an artery. ABG analysis provides information about the oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood, as well as the pH and bicarbonate levels, which are crucial in assessing respiratory and metabolic functions.

Choice A: Acid-base balance - This is incorrect because the lowercase "a" in ABG does not represent acid-base balance. Acid-base balance is determined by the pH level in the blood, which is one of the parameters measured in ABG analysis.

Choice C: Arterial oxygen saturation - This is incorrect because oxygen saturation is typically measured using pulse oximetry, not through ABG analysis. ABG values focus on the partial pressure of oxygen in the arterial blood.

Choice D: Alveoli - This is incorrect because ABG values do not directly represent the condition of the alveoli. ABG analysis

The client with sleep apnea has a nursing diagnosis of Sleep Deprivation related to disrupted sleep cycle. Which action should you delegate to the nursing assistant?

  • A. Discuss weight loss strategies such as diet and exercise with the client.
  • B. Teach client how to apply the BiPAP machine before sleeping.
  • C. Remind client to sleep on his side instead of his back.
  • D. Administer modafinil (Provigil) to promote daytime wakefulness.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Reminding the client to sleep on their side is a simple intervention suitable for a nursing assistant. Discussing weight loss strategies (A) and teaching BiPAP machine use (B) require more specialized knowledge. Administering medication (D) is outside the scope of practice for a nursing assistant.

In which organ is carbonic anhydrase crucial for maintaining acid-base balance?

  • A. Liver
  • B. Kidneys
  • C. Heart
  • D. Pancreas
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Carbonic anhydrase is crucial for acid-base balance by catalyzing the interconversion of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate ions in the blood. The kidneys regulate blood pH by reabsorbing bicarbonate and excreting hydrogen ions. Therefore, carbonic anhydrase in the kidneys plays a vital role in maintaining acid-base balance. The liver is not directly involved in this process but helps in detoxification and metabolism. The heart and pancreas do not have a primary role in acid-base balance regulation. Thus, the correct answer is B: Kidneys.

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