Nokea
In developing a teaching plan for Mr. Jones on hydrochlorothiazide, it would be important to include
- A. avoiding consumption of alcoholic beverages
- B. restricting potassium intake
- C. increasing fluid intake
- D. restricting physical activity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Alcohol can exacerbate diuretic effects.
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What is a condition where the heart muscle is weakened and unable to pump blood effectively, often leading to heart failure?
- A. Cardiomyopathy
- B. Myocarditis
- C. Endocarditis
- D. Pericarditis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cardiomyopathy. Cardiomyopathy refers to a condition where the heart muscle is weakened and unable to pump blood effectively, leading to heart failure. This is because the heart muscle becomes enlarged, thickened, or stiff, affecting its ability to pump blood efficiently.
Incorrect choices:
B: Myocarditis - Myocarditis is inflammation of the heart muscle, not necessarily associated with weakening of the heart muscle leading to heart failure.
C: Endocarditis - Endocarditis is inflammation of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves, not directly related to the weakening of the heart muscle.
D: Pericarditis - Pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardium (the outer lining of the heart), and does not directly involve the weakening of the heart muscle.
Which condition is characterized by an inability to effectively pump blood, leading to fluid buildup and swelling in the body?
- A. Heart failure
- B. Cardiomyopathy
- C. Angina
- D. Myocarditis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Heart failure is characterized by the heart's inability to effectively pump blood, leading to fluid buildup and swelling.
Step 2: Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle, which may contribute to heart failure but is not the direct cause of fluid buildup.
Step 3: Angina is chest pain due to reduced blood flow to the heart, not directly related to fluid buildup.
Step 4: Myocarditis is inflammation of the heart muscle, which can lead to heart failure but is not the primary cause of fluid accumulation.
Summary: Heart failure is the correct answer as it directly relates to the inability of the heart to pump blood effectively, leading to fluid accumulation. Cardiomyopathy, angina, and myocarditis are related to heart health but do not directly cause fluid buildup in the body.
The most realistic discharge goal for Mrs. G., with a history of compensated congestive heart failure, is
- A. Knowledge of illness and treatment
- B. Absence of signs of congestive failure
- C. Total decompensation for failure
- D. Avoidance of all stress
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Achieving stability is a practical goal.
A patient recently had a cardiac catheterization via right-radial approach and now has a compression device in place. The patient reports numbness and pain in the right hand. The cardiac-vascular nurse notes a diminished pulse, with a cool and cyanotic hand. The nurse:
- A. calls the physician.
- B. performs an Allen test.
- C. reduces the pressure on the puncture site.
- D. uses the Doppler ultrasound to assess for pulse signals.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Reducing pressure on the puncture site is necessary to restore blood flow to the hand.
The client is on nitroglycerin and reports chest pain. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Administer nitroglycerin as ordered.
- B. Administer morphine as ordered.
- C. Administer aspirin as ordered.
- D. Notify the healthcare provider immediately.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Notify the healthcare provider immediately. When a client on nitroglycerin reports chest pain, it could indicate a worsening condition or potential myocardial infarction. The nurse's priority is to notify the healthcare provider promptly for further assessment and intervention. Administering nitroglycerin (choice A) may not address the underlying cause of the chest pain. Administering morphine (choice B) may mask symptoms and delay appropriate treatment. Administering aspirin (choice C) is important in chest pain management but does not take priority over notifying the healthcare provider for further evaluation and guidance.