Nokea
In DNA, the nucleotide base adenine always binds with which of the following?
- A. Guanine
- B. Uracil
- C. Thymine
- D. Cytosine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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Which of the following is not true of mitosis?
- A. Mitosis produces daughter cells
- B. Mitosis has five main stages
- C. Mitosis can only be done by haploids
- D. Following mitosis, daughter cells are identical to parent cells
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Mitosis occurs in diploid cells and involves stages that result in the production of two identical daughter cells. Haploids do not undergo mitosis, as mitosis is a process specific to diploid cells. Choice A is true as mitosis does produce daughter cells. Choice B is incorrect as mitosis typically consists of four main stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Choice D is true, as one of the main outcomes of mitosis is the production of daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell.
During which stage of mitosis does the nuclear envelope begin to disappear and the chromosomes start attaching to the spindle forming along the cell's axis?
- A. Prometaphase
- B. Metaphase
- C. Anaphase
- D. Prophase
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, Prometaphase. During prometaphase, the nuclear envelope disintegrates, and chromosomes start attaching to spindle fibers. In metaphase, chromosomes align in the middle of the cell. Anaphase is characterized by the separation of sister chromatids, and prophase involves the condensation of chromosomes and the beginning of spindle formation.
What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?
- A. There is no difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.
- B. Saturated fatty acids contain double bonds, unlike unsaturated fatty acids.
- C. Saturated fatty acids often contain two or more pairs of double bonds, unlike unsaturated fatty acids.
- D. Saturated fatty acids contain no double bonds, unlike unsaturated fatty acids.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Saturated fatty acids contain no double bonds between the carbon atoms in their hydrocarbon chains, making them more solid at room temperature. Choice A is incorrect because there is a significant difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Choice B is incorrect as it inaccurately states that saturated fatty acids contain double bonds, which is a property of unsaturated fatty acids. Choice C is also incorrect as saturated fatty acids do not contain double bonds, let alone two or more pairs of double bonds.
Who discovered the basic principles of genetics using garden peas?
- A. Curie
- B. Mendel
- C. Hawking
- D. Galileo
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Mendel. Gregor Mendel is known as the father of genetics for his groundbreaking work with pea plants. He discovered the basic principles of heredity through his experiments, establishing the foundation of modern genetics. Choice A, Curie, is incorrect as Marie Curie was a physicist and chemist known for her pioneering research on radioactivity. Choice C, Hawking, is incorrect as Stephen Hawking was a theoretical physicist known for his work on black holes and cosmology. Choice D, Galileo, is incorrect as Galileo Galilei was an astronomer and physicist renowned for his contributions to the scientific revolution, particularly in astronomy.
Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of lipids and steroid hormones?
- A. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
- B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- C. Golgi apparatus
- D. Ribosomes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is the correct organelle responsible for the synthesis of lipids, including phospholipids, cholesterol, and steroid hormones. The rough endoplasmic reticulum is primarily involved in protein synthesis and processing, making choice A incorrect. The Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for transportation, so it is not directly involved in lipid and steroid hormone synthesis, making choice C incorrect. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis and are not involved in lipid or steroid hormone synthesis, making choice D incorrect.