Nokea
In one of your meetings, you reminded the health center staff that there are quite a number of members in the community who have not reached primary school. Which of the following is the BEST communication intervention for a client who is illiterate?
- A. Use of symbols and images
- B. Personalize speech by using first name
- C. Use touch with speech
- D. Speak loudly and clearly
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Illiterate clients may have difficulty understanding spoken or written information. Using symbols and images can help convey important messages and instructions in a visual way that can be easily understood without relying on literacy skills. This communication intervention is effective in ensuring that the client understands the information being provided, promoting better adherence to treatment plans and overall health outcomes.
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Which of the following actions is indicated in the management of a patient with an open chest wound (sucking chest wound)?
- A. Applying a sterile dressing and occlusive dressing.
- B. Administering supplemental oxygen.
- C. Providing reassurance and emotional support.
- D. Elevating the patient's legs to improve venous return.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An open chest wound, also known as a sucking chest wound, can lead to a collapsed lung and respiratory distress. Immediate management involves sealing the wound to prevent air from entering the pleural space and further compromising the patient's respiratory function. Applying a sterile dressing over the wound helps to prevent contamination and occluding the wound with an airtight covering, such as an occlusive dressing, can effectively reduce the risk of a tension pneumothorax, a serious complication that can arise from a sucking chest wound. These interventions help to stabilize the patient's condition and improve the chances of a successful recovery. Administering supplemental oxygen, though beneficial, would be secondary to the primary management of sealing the chest wound. Providing emotional support is important but addressing the physical emergency takes precedence. Elevating the patient's legs would not be appropriate in managing an open chest wound.
Friendly but professional overtures have finally made Marlene open up her circumstances to the nurse, including their financial difficulty. What has been established at this time?
- A. Beginning of a friendship
- B. Trusting relationship with the nurse
- C. A lifelong commitment
- D. A dire need for financial help
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Marlene opening up to the nurse about their financial difficulty indicates that she feels comfortable enough to share personal information with the nurse. This signals the establishment of a trusting relationship between Marlene and the nurse, as Marlene feels safe and supported enough to disclose sensitive information. Building trust is a crucial aspect of any professional relationship, especially in healthcare settings, as it fosters open communication, encourages honesty, and ultimately leads to better outcomes for the patient. It is an essential foundation for providing effective care and support to individuals in need.
What should be the INITIAL S'TEP in the process of change for the senior nurse
- A. set goals and priorities regarding the change process.
- B. Plan strategies to implement the change.
- C. Identify potential solutions and strategies for the change.
- D. Identify the inefficiency that needs improvement or correction
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The initial step in the process of change for the senior nurse should be to identify the inefficiency that needs improvement or correction. Before setting goals, planning strategies, or identifying solutions, it is essential to first pinpoint the specific area or aspect that requires change. By identifying the inefficiency, the senior nurse can gain a clear understanding of the root cause of the issue and focus efforts on addressing it effectively. This step lays the foundation for the rest of the change process by providing a specific target for improvement.
Which of the following diagnostic tests is most appropriate for evaluating a woman with suspected cervical dysplasia?
- A. Pap smear
- B. Endometrial biopsy
- C. Colposcopy with biopsy
- D. Transvaginal ultrasound
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Colposcopy with biopsy is the most appropriate diagnostic test for evaluating a woman with suspected cervical dysplasia. Colposcopy is a procedure in which a special magnifying instrument called a colposcope is used to examine the cervix for any abnormal areas. If abnormal tissue is identified during colposcopy, a biopsy will be taken to confirm the presence of cervical dysplasia and determine the severity. This allows for a more accurate diagnosis and appropriate management of the condition. Pap smear, although a screening test for cervical dysplasia, may not provide a definitive diagnosis and may require further evaluation with colposcopy and biopsy. Endometrial biopsy and transvaginal ultrasound are not indicated for evaluating cervical dysplasia specifically.
Which of the following is the INITIAL eaching given to the patient with ALS and her family?
- A. Referral to support group
- B. Prevention of complications
- C. Explaining the disease process, expected course and prognosis
- D. Prevention of depression
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The initial teaching given to a patient with ALS and her family should focus on explaining the disease process, the expected course, and prognosis. Providing this information early on can help the patient and her family understand what to expect, make informed decisions about care and treatment, and prepare emotionally for the challenges ahead. It is important to establish open communication and provide support from the beginning to help the patient and her family cope with the diagnosis and navigate the journey with ALS. While referral to support groups, prevention of complications, and prevention of depression are all important aspects of care for ALS patients, understanding the disease process and prognosis is fundamental to setting realistic expectations and planning for the future.