Nokea
In order to allow for proper healing, patients with osteomyelitis may need to have
- A. Debridement and drainage of the area.
- B. Immobilization of the area.
- C. Ice packs alternating with moist heat applied externally.
- D. Internal fixation device inserted.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Immobilization helps prevent further damage and promotes healing in osteomyelitis.
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A patient complains of pain in the foot of a leg that was recently amputated. What should the nurse recognize about this pain?
- A. It is caused by swelling at the incision.
- B. It should be treated with ordered analgesics.
- C. It will become worse with the use of a prosthesis.
- D. It can be managed with diversion because it is psychologic.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phantom pain is treated with analgesics.
Which of the following is NOT part of the endocrine system?
- A. pons
- B. pancreas
- C. parathyroid
- D. pineal gland
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The pons is part of the brainstem and is involved in regulating sleep, respiration, and communication between different parts of the brain. It is not part of the endocrine system, which consists of glands that secrete hormones, such as the pancreas, parathyroid, and pineal gland. The pons plays a role in motor control and sensory processing, but it does not produce hormones.
You are caring for a patient who is preoperative and is NPO. The patient takes carbamazepine (Tegretol), 200 mg PO BID for a seizure disorder. Which of the following actions should you take?
- A. Give the oral dose of carbamazepine with a sip of water.
- B. Give carbamazepine IV.
- C. Withhold the carbamazepine.
- D. Administer half the usual morning dose of carbamazepine.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: It is important to continue the oral carbamazepine to maintain therapeutic blood levels and to prevent seizure activity. You should notify the anesthesiologist and should give the patient the carbamazepine with a sip of water. Carbamazepine is not available IV. Withholding the carbamazepine may reduce the therapeutic blood level and cause seizure activity. Administering a reduced dose of carbamazepine may reduce the therapeutic blood level and cause seizure activity.
During the acute stage of meningitis, a 3-year-old child is restless and irritable. Which of the following would be most appropriate to institute?
- A. Limiting conversation with the child
- B. Keeping extraneous noise to a minimum
- C. Allowing the child to play in the bathtub
- D. Performing treatments quickly
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reducing extraneous noise and stimuli is crucial in managing a child with meningitis. The inflammation of the meninges increases sensitivity to light and sound, exacerbating irritability and restlessness. A calm, quiet environment helps minimize discomfort and supports recovery.
A 21-year-old patient has a head injury resulting from trauma and is unconscious. There are no other injuries. During the assessment what would the nurse expect to find when testing the patient's deep tendon reflexes?
- A. Reflexes will be normal.
- B. Reflexes cannot be elicited.
- C. All reflexes will be diminished but present.
- D. Some reflexes will be present, depending on the area of injury.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Reflexes will be normal. In a patient with a head injury resulting from trauma and no other injuries, deep tendon reflexes are typically unaffected by the injury. The brain stem controls deep tendon reflexes, and since there are no other injuries, the reflexes should remain normal. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not align with the typical response of deep tendon reflexes in a head injury without other injuries. Choice B stating that reflexes cannot be elicited is incorrect as deep tendon reflexes are usually intact in this scenario. Choice C suggesting all reflexes will be diminished but present is incorrect as deep tendon reflexes are typically not affected by head injuries. Choice D stating that some reflexes will be present depending on the area of injury is incorrect because deep tendon reflexes are primarily controlled by the brain stem, which is not directly affected in this situation.