Nokea
In planning care for the patient with ulcerative colitis, the nurse identifies which nursing diagnosis as a priority?
- A. Anxiety
- B. Impaired skin integrity
- C. Fluid volume deficit
- D. Nutrition altered, less than body requirements
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fluid volume deficit is a priority in ulcerative colitis due to frequent diarrhea, which can lead to dehydration.
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The nurse is preparing to administer heparin to a client with a deep vein thrombosis. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse check before administering the dose?
- A. Prothrombin time (PT).
- B. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT).
- C. International normalized ratio (INR).
- D. Platelet count.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: heparin’s therapeutic effect is monitored by aPTT, which should be 1.5–2 times the control value
While administering a chemotherapeutic vesicant, the nurse notes that there is a lack of blood return from the IV catheter. The nurse should:
- A. Stop the medication from infusing
- B. Flush the IV catheter with normal saline
- C. Apply a tourniquet and call the doctor
- D. Continue the IV and assess the site for edema
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lack of blood return suggests possible extravasation of a vesicant, which can cause tissue damage; stopping the infusion immediately prevents further harm.
A child who ingested 18 500-mg acetaminophen tablets 30 minutes ago is seen in the ED. Which of these orders should the nurse do first?
- A. activated charcoal per pharmacy
- B. start an IV with D5W to keep the vein open
- C. gastric lavage PRN
- D. acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) for age per pharmacy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Activated charcoal is the priority within 1 hour of acetaminophen overdose to reduce absorption, followed by acetylcysteine to prevent liver damage.
A client with advanced Alzheimer's disease has been prescribed haloperidol (Haldol). What clinical manifestation suggests that the client is experiencing side effects from this medication?
- A. Cough
- B. Tremors
- C. Diarrhea
- D. Pitting edema
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Haloperidol, an antipsychotic, can cause extrapyramidal side effects like tremors, which are common and indicate a neurological side effect.
A nurse is at a local swimming pool, and a man collapses with a cardiac arrest after exiting the pool. The man is still wet when the nurse begins cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and another person brings the automated external defibrillator (AED). Which of the following should the nurse do next?
- A. Apply the AED pads and deliver a shock.
- B. Wipe the chest dry with an available cloth or towel.
- C. Continue CPR because a client who is wet cannot receive a shock.
- D. Wipe the chest with an alcohol hand wipe to speed the evaporation of the water.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Wiping the chest dry (B) ensures AED pads adhere properly and deliver an effective shock. Applying pads on a wet chest (A) risks ineffective defibrillation, continuing CPR (C) delays defibrillation, and alcohol wipes (D) are inappropriate.