Nokea
In Primary Health care, the concept of accessibility requires that:
- A. Patients should be required to accept one service in order to gain access to another type of service.
- B. A referral network, including transportation, to higher-level facilities should be coupled to PHC services.
- C. Patients' access to services should be contingent on social or cultural backgrounds, age, and marital status.
- D. Patients' access to services should be based on one's educational status.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In Primary Health care, accessibility entails having a referral network and transportation system in place to link patients to higher-level facilities when needed. Choice A is incorrect because patients should not be required to accept one service to access another. Choice C is incorrect as access to services should not be contingent on social or cultural backgrounds, age, or marital status. Choice D is also incorrect because educational status should not determine patients' access to healthcare services.
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How many autosomes does a human primary spermatocyte have?
- A. 34
- B. 44
- C. 54
- D. 33
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A human primary spermatocyte has 44 autosomes. Autosomes are chromosomes that are not involved in determining an individual's sex. In humans, there are a total of 46 chromosomes in a somatic cell, with 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes. Therefore, the correct answer is 44 autosomes, making choice B the correct answer. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not represent the accurate number of autosomes in a human primary spermatocyte.
How many arteries are there in an umbilical cord?
- A. Three
- B. One
- C. Two
- D. Four
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: There are two arteries in an umbilical cord. The umbilical cord contains two arteries and one vein. Artery carries blood away from the fetus, while the vein returns blood to the fetus. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not represent the correct number of arteries in an umbilical cord.
Inevitable abortion occurs when:
- A. The ovum dies in utero and the decidua capsularis remains intact.
- B. The cervix is open, and the products of conception are about to be expelled.
- C. The products of conception are expelled before the 20th week of gestation.
- D. The fetus dies and is expelled in the first trimester.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Inevitable abortion occurs when the cervix is open, and the products of conception are about to be expelled. This is a critical point in the process of spontaneous abortion, indicating that expulsion of the products of conception is imminent. Choice A is incorrect as it describes a missed abortion where the ovum dies but the decidua capsularis remains intact. Choice C is incorrect as it describes an incomplete abortion where the products of conception are expelled before the completion of 20 weeks of gestation. Choice D is incorrect as it describes a missed abortion where the fetus dies and is expelled in the first trimester.
The programs aimed at achieving total reproductive health as a social goal at the national level are called:
- A. Family organization
- B. Family planning
- C. Reproductive care
- D. Reproductive health
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'Reproductive health.' Reproductive health programs focus on ensuring overall well-being in relation to reproduction, including access to reproductive services, education, and healthcare. Choice A, 'Family organization,' does not specifically address health aspects related to reproduction. Choice B, 'Family planning,' is more focused on birth control and family size rather than the broader aspects of reproductive health. Choice C, 'Reproductive care,' is limited to the aspect of medical care and does not encompass the comprehensive approach of reproductive health programs.
Which department of the Government ministries was given the mandate to pilot a draft population policy?
- A. The department of planning and development
- B. National census
- C. Human rights
- D. Central statistics
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The department of planning and development. In the extract provided, it explicitly mentions that this department was tasked with piloting the population policy. The other choices are incorrect because the National census is primarily responsible for collecting demographic data, Human rights focus on ensuring and protecting human rights, and Central statistics deal with statistical data collection and analysis, none of which directly align with piloting a population policy.