Nokea
In Singapore, children and youth with disability in school age:
- A. Are rare at prevalence of less than 1%
- B. Receive services that are governed and funded by MSF only
- C. Are at higher risk of developing mental health conditions than typical children
- D. Need to have confirmed diagnosis before they can receive support in schools
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: School-age children with disabilities are at higher risk for mental health conditions due to social and functional challenges.
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A nurse is caring for a patient with bulimia nervosa. The nurse should monitor for which of the following complications?
- A. Nutritional deficiency and dehydration.
- B. Respiratory failure and aspiration pneumonia.
- C. Peripheral edema and hyperkalemia.
- D. Mental confusion and decreased blood pressure.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Nutritional deficiency and dehydration. In bulimia nervosa, recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by purging can lead to electrolyte imbalances, dehydration, and malnutrition. Monitoring for nutritional deficiencies and dehydration is crucial in managing patients with bulimia nervosa.
Explanation for why other choices are incorrect:
B: Respiratory failure and aspiration pneumonia - Although purging behaviors can increase the risk of aspiration pneumonia, it is not as common as nutritional deficiencies and dehydration in patients with bulimia nervosa.
C: Peripheral edema and hyperkalemia - These complications are not typically associated with bulimia nervosa.
D: Mental confusion and decreased blood pressure - While electrolyte imbalances can lead to mental confusion, these specific complications are not as common as nutritional deficiencies and dehydration in patients with bulimia nervosa.
A man with hypospadias tells the nurse, 'Intercourse with my new bride is painful.' Which term applies to the patient's complaint?
- A. Dyspareunia
- B. Erectile dysfunction
- C. Premature ejaculation
- D. Genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder. This term is applicable because it specifically refers to pain experienced during intercourse, which aligns with the patient's complaint. Hypospadias can lead to difficulties in penetration and subsequent pain during intercourse.
Choice A: Dyspareunia refers to persistent or recurrent pain during sexual intercourse, which is a broader term than what the patient is experiencing.
Choice B: Erectile dysfunction is the inability to achieve or maintain an erection, which is not directly related to the patient's complaint of pain during intercourse.
Choice C: Premature ejaculation is the early release of semen during sexual activity, which is unrelated to the pain experienced by the patient during intercourse.
The nursing diagnosis Rape-trauma syndrome is established for a rape victim in the emergency department. Select the most important outcome to achieve before discharging the patient!
- A. The patient will describe feelings of safety and relaxation.
- B. The memory of the rape will be less vivid and less frightening.
- C. Physical symptoms of pain and discomfort are no longer present.
- D. The patient will agree to keep a follow-up appointment with a rape victim advocate.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Establishing a follow-up appointment with a rape victim advocate is crucial for ongoing support and recovery. It ensures the patient has access to necessary resources and assistance in coping with the trauma. Choice A focuses on emotional well-being but doesn't address long-term support. Choice B addresses memory but doesn't ensure ongoing care. Choice C only addresses physical symptoms, neglecting the emotional and psychological impact of the trauma. Thus, choice D is the most important outcome to achieve before discharging the patient to promote comprehensive care and support.
What is the most effective strategy for preventing relapse in a patient with anorexia nervosa?
- A. Providing a rigid, inflexible meal plan with strict weight goals.
- B. Offering therapy to address both physical and emotional factors.
- C. Encouraging the patient to lose weight to maintain control.
- D. Focusing on body image improvement before addressing nutrition.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because offering therapy to address both physical and emotional factors is the most effective strategy for preventing relapse in a patient with anorexia nervosa. This approach helps the patient develop coping skills, explore underlying issues, and learn healthier ways to manage emotions and stress. By addressing both physical and emotional factors, the patient can build a strong support system, improve self-esteem, and work towards a sustainable recovery.
Choice A is incorrect because providing a rigid, inflexible meal plan with strict weight goals may increase anxiety and reinforce harmful behaviors associated with anorexia nervosa. Choice C is incorrect as encouraging the patient to lose weight to maintain control can perpetuate the disorder and increase the risk of relapse. Choice D is incorrect because focusing on body image improvement before addressing nutrition neglects the essential aspect of nutrition in recovery and may lead to distorted perceptions of health.
Which instruction has priority when teaching a patient taking clozapine (Clozaril)?
- A. Avoid unprotected sex.
- B. Report sore throat and fever immediately.
- C. Reduce foods high in polyunsaturated fats.
- D. Use over-the-counter preparations for rashes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Report sore throat and fever immediately. This is because clozapine can cause a serious condition called agranulocytosis, which is characterized by a dangerously low white blood cell count. Sore throat and fever can be early signs of this condition, so it is crucial to report them immediately to prevent serious complications.
Avoiding unprotected sex (choice A) is important for overall health but is not directly related to clozapine use. Reducing foods high in polyunsaturated fats (choice C) is not a priority as it does not impact the safety or effectiveness of clozapine. Using over-the-counter preparations for rashes (choice D) is not advised as rashes can be a side effect of clozapine, and professional medical advice should be sought.