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In the performance of her role and functions a school nurse, which guiding principle should be consider very IMPORTANT?
- A. Health is an integral part of the education process.
- B. The nurse is in full authority over the children
- C. The local health authority supervises the school health
- D. School nursing is more focused on socialization
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The guiding principle that health is an integral part of the education process is of utmost importance for a school nurse in performing their role and functions. This principle emphasizes the interconnectedness of health and academic success, highlighting that healthy students are better able to learn and succeed in school. As a school nurse, understanding and prioritizing this principle means focusing on promoting health and wellness, providing healthcare services, and implementing health education programs to support the overall well-being and academic achievement of students. By recognizing the significance of this principle, school nurses can effectively contribute to creating a healthy and supportive school environment that fosters student growth and development.
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Nurse Filomena organized a health fair in one of the communities she covers, which was well attended, with several SCREENING TESTS being given simultaneously. What would Nurse Filomena consider the purpose of the health fair?
- A. Community service
- B. Community bonding
- C. Multiphasic screening
- D. Case finding
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nurse Filomena would consider the purpose of the health fair to be multiphasic screening. A multiphasic screening event involves offering various health screening tests at the same time to individuals within the community. These screenings aim to detect a range of health conditions early on, ultimately promoting prevention and early intervention. By organizing a health fair with several screening tests being given simultaneously, Nurse Filomena's primary goal is likely to help identify health issues in the community proactively and provide education and resources for ongoing health promotion and disease prevention. While aspects of community service, community bonding, and case finding may also be outcomes of the health fair, the focus on conducting multiple screening tests aligns most closely with the concept of multiphasic screening as the primary purpose.
A patient presents with chest pain that worsens with swallowing and is relieved by leaning forward. An electrocardiogram (ECG) shows diffuse ST-segment elevation. Which cardiovascular disorder is most likely responsible for these symptoms?
- A. Stable angina
- B. Unstable angina
- C. Acute myocardial infarction
- D. Pericarditis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The given clinical presentation of chest pain that worsens with swallowing and is relieved by leaning forward along with diffuse ST-segment elevation on an ECG is highly suggestive of pericarditis. Pericarditis is the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin sac surrounding the heart. The symptoms of pericarditis can mimic those of myocardial infarction (heart attack) but can also be differentiated by certain characteristics such as the described positional chest pain, which is worsened by swallowing and relieved by leaning forward.
The labor progress and the physician performed amniotomy. Nurse Hope should FIRST assess tor _______.
- A. bladder distention
- B. maternal blood pressure
- C. cervical dilatation
- D. fetal heart rate (FHR) pattern
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Following an amniotomy procedure during labor, Nurse Hope's priority should be to assess the fetal heart rate (FHR) pattern. This assessment is crucial to ensure the well-being and safety of the fetus. Changes in the FHR can provide valuable information about fetal distress or complications, allowing for timely interventions if needed. Monitoring the FHR pattern is a standard practice during labor and delivery to track the fetus's response to the changes in uterine activity. Therefore, assessing the FHR pattern should be the first priority after a labor progress and amniotomy.
A patient presents with grouped vesicles on an erythematous base, affecting the lips and perioral region. The patient reports a history of similar episodes triggered by sunlight exposure and stress. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this presentation?
- A. Herpes simplex labialis (cold sores)
- B. Perioral dermatitis
- C. Angular cheilitis
- D. Allergic contact dermatitis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient's presentation with grouped vesicles on an erythematous base affecting the lips and perioral region, triggered by sunlight exposure and stress, is classic for herpes simplex labialis, commonly known as cold sores. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is responsible for cold sores and is highly contagious. Recurrent episodes can be triggered by factors like UV exposure, stress, illness, and hormonal changes. Symptoms typically start with tingling or burning sensations before progressing to grouped vesicles that rupture, forming crusts. Treatment may involve antiviral medications to reduce the severity and duration of symptoms. Perioral dermatitis typically presents with papules and pustules around the mouth, while angular cheilitis involves fissures and inflammation at the corners of the mouth. Allergic contact dermatitis would present with erythema, pruritus, and possibly vesicles in
Which of the following substances has abnormal values EARLY in the course of multiple myeloma (MM)?
- A. Red blood cells
- B. White blood cells
- C. Immunoglobulins
- D. Platelets
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the early stages of multiple myeloma (MM), abnormal values are often seen in the levels of immunoglobulins. This is due to the abnormal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow, leading to overproduction of monoclonal immunoglobulins (M proteins). These abnormal immunoglobulins can be detected in blood tests and are a key diagnostic feature of MM. Changes in red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are not typically early indicators of multiple myeloma.