Nokea
In the powerpoint activity for this lesson, you witnessed photographs of typical weekly food consumptions for families in various countries. Which country depicted a photograph of a family who consumed the LEAST amount of fruits and vegetables and the MOST amount of processed food?
- A. Germany
- B. Poland
- C. Chad
- D. United States
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The United States is often depicted with diets high in processed foods and low in fruits and vegetables, reflecting modern consumption patterns.
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A victim of partner abuse, parent of one child, describes the partner as someone who is easily frustrated and more likely to be abusive after experiencing an event in which self-esteem is challenged. The most recent episodes of violence were related to feeling "upset"Â over a job loss. What type of therapy would provide the greatest help to the abuser?
- A. Voluntary individual or group therapy
- B. Court-ordered individual or group therapy
- C. Voluntary couples or family therapy
- D. Court-ordered couples or family therapy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Voluntary individual or group therapy. This type of therapy would provide the greatest help to the abuser because it focuses on addressing the underlying issues of frustration, self-esteem challenges, and abusive behavior. The key here is that the therapy is voluntary, which means the abuser is more likely to engage and actively participate in the process. In individual or group therapy, the abuser can explore and work on managing emotions, coping strategies, and developing healthier communication skills. Court-ordered therapy (choices B and D) may not be as effective because it could be seen as a punishment rather than a genuine effort to seek help. Couples or family therapy (choice C) may not be appropriate initially as the focus should be on the abuser's personal growth and behavior change.
A nurse is caring for a patient with bulimia nervosa. What should the nurse do to promote a healthy eating pattern?
- A. Provide a strict, rigid eating schedule without flexibility.
- B. Allow the patient to choose meals without any guidelines.
- C. Encourage regular meals and snacks with a focus on nutrition.
- D. Promote food restriction to avoid feelings of guilt after eating.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because encouraging regular meals and snacks with a focus on nutrition helps stabilize blood sugar levels, reduce binge eating episodes, and promote overall health. This approach also supports the patient in developing a balanced relationship with food.
A: Providing a strict, rigid eating schedule may increase anxiety and reinforce unhealthy behaviors.
B: Allowing the patient to choose meals without guidelines may lead to erratic eating patterns and poor nutrition.
D: Promoting food restriction can exacerbate feelings of guilt and perpetuate the cycle of binge eating.
The client tells the nurse, 'I thought my psychiatrist was the best doctor in the world. I thought he understood me completely. Now, I hate him! He doesn't understand me at all. He's just dumping me to go on a 2-week vacation.' The nurse assesses the client's description of feelings about the physician as evidence of the use of:
- A. Splitting
- B. Projective identification
- C. Isolation of affect
- D. Dissociation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Splitting. Splitting is a defense mechanism where a person sees things as all good or all bad, leading to extreme shifts in perception. In this case, the client initially viewed the psychiatrist as the best doctor but now hates him completely due to feeling abandoned. This sudden shift from idealization to devaluation is characteristic of splitting.
Choice B: Projective identification involves attributing one's own unacceptable feelings or traits onto another. This is not evident in the client's description.
Choice C: Isolation of affect refers to separating emotions from their source. The client is expressing strong emotions towards the psychiatrist, not isolating them.
Choice D: Dissociation involves a disruption in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception. The client is not displaying symptoms of dissociation in this scenario.
Which of the following is related to recent attempts to find biochemical explanations for schizophrenia?
- A. schizotaxin
- B. psychotropin
- C. dopamine
- D. diazepam
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dopamine excess in the brain is a leading biochemical theory for schizophrenia, supported by antipsychotic efficacy.
A patient diagnosed with a serious mental illness lives independently and attends a psychosocial rehabilitation program. The patient presents at the emergency department seeking hospitalization. The patient has no acute symptoms but says, 'I have no money to pay my rent or refill my prescription.' Select the nurses best action.
- A. Involve the patients case manager to provide crisis intervention
- B. Send the patient to a homeless shelter until housing can be arranged
- C. Arrange for a short in-patient admission and begin discharge planning
- D. Explain that one must have active psychiatric symptoms to be admitted
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Impaired stress tolerance and problem-solving abilities can cause persons with SMI to experience relatively minor stressors as crises. This patient has run out of money, and this has overwhelmed her ability to cope, resulting in a crisis for which crisis intervention would be an appropriate response. Inpatient care is not clinically indicated nor is the patient homeless (although she may fear she is). Telling the patient that she is not symptomatic enough to be admitted may prompt malingering.