Nokea
In three year's tie, Nurse Florence needs to attain certain number of continuing Professional Development units to be able to renew her __________.
- A. Philippine Nurses Association Membership
- B. Professional License
- C. Professional Identification Card
- D. Professional Registration
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nurse Florence needs to attain a certain number of continuing Professional Development units in order to renew her Professional License. Continuing Professional Development ensures that nurses stay up-to-date with the latest advancements and best practices in the field, ultimately leading to improved patient care outcomes. Renewing the Professional License is crucial for Nurse Florence to legally practice nursing and demonstrate her commitment to ongoing learning and development in the profession.
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Which of the following dental conditions is characterized by a localized collection of pus resulting from a bacterial infection of the tooth pulp?
- A. Dental caries
- B. Periodontitis
- C. Dental abscess
- D. Oral candidiasis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A dental abscess is characterized by a localized collection of pus that results from a bacterial infection of the tooth pulp, leading to swelling, pain, and inflammation. The infection typically occurs when bacteria enter the tooth through a cavity, crack, or other dental injury. The abscess can cause significant pain and discomfort and must be treated promptly by a dentist to prevent further complications. Dental caries refer to tooth decay or cavities that result from the breakdown of tooth structure by acids produced by bacteria. Periodontitis is a severe gum infection that damages the soft tissue and destroys the bone that supports the teeth. Oral candidiasis is a fungal infection that affects the mouth and throat.
A woman in active labor demonstrates persistent posterior fetal position, contributing to prolonged labor and severe back pain. What nursing intervention should be implemented to facilitate fetal rotation and optimize labor progress?
- A. Encourage frequent position changes, including hands-and-knees position.
- B. Administer intravenous analgesics to manage maternal discomfort.
- C. Prepare for immediate instrumental delivery.
- D. Initiate continuous fetal monitoring to assess fetal well-being.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Encouraging frequent position changes, including the hands-and-knees position, is the most appropriate nursing intervention in this scenario. This position is known to help rotate the baby from a persistent posterior position to an optimal anterior position for delivery. The hands-and-knees position can help take pressure off the mother's back, alleviate back pain, and facilitate the rotation of the baby's head to engage in the mother's pelvis, thus promoting labor progress. It is a non-invasive and effective way to promote fetal rotation without the need for immediate instrumental delivery or intravenous analgesics. Continuous fetal monitoring is important for assessing fetal well-being but would not directly address the issue of posterior fetal position and the associated prolonged labor.
A patient presents with fever, headache, myalgia, and a skin lesion resembling a "bull's eye" rash at the site of a tick bite. Which of the following is the most likely causative agent?
- A. Plasmodium falciparum
- B. Trypanosoma cruzi
- C. Borrelia burgdorferi
- D. Leishmania donovani
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The presentation described in the question, including the skin lesion resembling a "bull's eye" rash at the site of a tick bite, is characteristic of Lyme disease. Lyme disease is caused by the spirochete bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, which is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected black-legged ticks (Ixodes scapularis). The symptoms of Lyme disease include fever, headache, myalgia, and the erythema migrans rash, which appears as a red circular rash with central clearing resembling a bull's eye.
Nurse Angie added that oral contraceptives also contains progesterone. Which of the following is the action of progesterone in contraception? It inhibits _______.
- A. Testosterone production
- B. GnRH thereby inhibiting FSH and LH productions.
- C. Luteinising Hormone (LH) thereby inhibiting ovulation.
- D. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) thereby inhibiting maturation of ovum.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Progesterone in oral contraceptives works primarily by inhibiting ovulation. It suppresses the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland, which is essential for triggering the release of an egg (ovulation) from the ovary. By blocking ovulation, progesterone helps prevent pregnancy by making it less likely for a mature egg to be available for fertilization. This mechanism of action is a key factor in the effectiveness of progesterone-containing contraceptives in preventing pregnancy.
A nurse is preparing to perform a continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) procedure for a patient following urological surgery. What action should the nurse prioritize to prevent complications during CBI?
- A. Adjusting the irrigation flow rate based on the patient's urine output
- B. Changing the irrigation solution every 24 hours to maintain sterility
- C. Using tap water for irrigation to prevent electrolyte imbalances
- D. Limiting the duration of CBI to minimize the risk of bladder distention
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should prioritize adjusting the irrigation flow rate based on the patient's urine output to prevent complications during continuous bladder irrigation (CBI). Proper adjustment of the irrigation flow rate helps maintain adequate bladder drainage while preventing bladder distention, clot formation, and potential irrigation fluid overload. Monitoring the patient's urine output and adjusting the flow rate accordingly ensures optimal functioning of the CBI system and enhances patient safety. This proactive approach minimizes the risk of complications and promotes effective postoperative care following urological surgery.