In which of the following situations is the inclusion of a citation necessary?
- A. The author is stating an opinion about a new biography of Abraham Lincoln.
- B. The author is describing a trip to Abraham Lincoln's birthplace.
- C. The author is quoting another author's opinion about a new biography of Abraham Lincoln.
- D. The author is describing a play she saw about Abraham Lincoln.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. A citation is required when directly quoting another author's opinion to give credit and avoid plagiarism. Choices A, B, and D do not necessitate citations as they involve the author's own opinion, personal experience, and description of a play, respectively, without directly quoting another source.
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The sheer number of people in the audience overwhelmed the actress as she peeked through the curtain before scene one. Which of the following correctly describes an error in the sentence above?
- A. The homophone 'sheer' should be 'shear.'
- B. The homophone 'peaked' should be 'peeked.'
- C. The homophone 'through' should be 'threw.'
- D. The homophone 'scene' should be 'seen.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. In this context, 'peaked' should be 'peeked,' meaning to take a quick look. The other choices are incorrect: A is wrong because 'sheer' is the correct term referring to the absolute or complete number of people; C is incorrect as 'through' is the right term indicating looking by going across something; D is inaccurate as 'scene' is the correct term for a part of a play or film.
A teacher wants to counsel a student about using the word ain't in a research paper for a high school English class. What advice should the teacher give?
- A. Ain't is not in the dictionary, so it isn't a word.
- B. Because the student isn't in college yet, ain't is an appropriate expression for a high school writer.
- C. Ain't is incorrect English and should not be part of a serious student's vocabulary because it sounds uneducated.
- D. Ain't is a colloquial expression, and while it may be appropriate in a conversational setting, it is not standard in academic writing.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The teacher should advise the student that 'ain't' is a colloquial expression, and while it may be suitable in informal or conversational settings, it is not standard in academic writing. Using colloquialisms like 'ain't' in formal research papers can diminish the professionalism and clarity of the writing. Choice A is incorrect as the presence of a word in the dictionary does not solely determine its appropriateness in formal writing. Choice B is incorrect because the student's academic level does not justify the use of non-standard English. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on the perceived uneducated sound of 'ain't' rather than its appropriateness in formal writing, which is the key concern for the research paper in question.
Which of the following suffixes has an action that means 'relating to'?
- A. -ic
- B. -ology
- C. -ation
- D. -ate
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is '-ic.' The suffix '-ic' means 'relating to,' as seen in words like 'artistic' (relating to art).
- 'B' is incorrect as the suffix '-ology' refers to the study of a subject, not 'relating to.'
- 'C' is incorrect as the suffix '-ation' is used to form nouns expressing an action or process, not 'relating to.'
- 'D' is incorrect as the suffix '-ate' is used to form verbs or nouns denoting an office, function, or rank, not 'relating to.'
What is the correct plural of chair?
- A. Chair
- B. Chairs
- C. Chaires
- D. Chairies
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct plural form of 'chair' is 'chairs,' following the regular pluralization rule by adding 's.' Choices C and D, 'Chaires' and 'Chairies,' are incorrect because they do not follow the standard English pluralization rule. Choice A, 'Chair,' is the singular form and not the plural form of the word.
Which of the following statements contains colloquialisms?
- A. If you don't mind, could we meet later?
- B. I thoroughly enjoyed your class.
- C. Let's hang out later. I need to chill after that exam.
- D. It's a pleasure to meet you. Your class inspired me in many ways.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because 'hang out' and 'chill' are colloquialisms, informal expressions commonly used in casual conversations. Choice A is a polite and formal way to ask for a meeting, devoid of colloquial language. Choice B is a straightforward expression of enjoyment without any colloquialisms. Choice D is a polite and formal statement that does not contain any colloquial language.