Nokea
In Wilson's disease:
- A. There is an association with high caeruloplasmin levels
- B. Hepatic copper deposition is pathognomonic
- C. There is increased urinary excretion of copper
- D. There are copper deposits on the cornea
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Copper deposits on the cornea (Kayser-Fleischer rings) are a hallmark of Wilson's disease, a genetic disorder leading to copper accumulation in tissues.
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Tall (>25 mm), narrow, and spiked P waves are seen in
- A. Ebstein anomaly
- B. ventricular septal defect
- C. patent ductus arteriosus
- D. severe mitral stenosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Severe mitral stenosis can cause tall, narrow, and spiked P waves due to left atrial enlargement.
The nurse is evaluating a male client’s understanding of diet teaching about the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) eating plan. Which behavior indicates that the client is adhering to the eating plan?
- A. Uses only lactose-free dairy products
- B. Enjoys fat free yogurt as an occasional snack food
- C. No longer includes grains in his daily diet
- D. Carefully cleans and peels all fresh fruit and vegetables
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cleaning and peeling fruits and vegetables is consistent with the DASH plan, which promotes a high intake of fresh produce.
Two days following abdominal surgery a client begins to report cramping abdominal pain, and the nurse's inspection of the abdomen indicates slight distention. Which action should the nurse implement first?
- A. Encourage the client to ambulate
- B. Offer ice chips or warm liquids
- C. Auscultate the client's abdomen
- D. Assess the client's temperature
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Auscultating the abdomen will help determine if there are any signs of bowel obstruction or ileus, which can cause the distension.
Which of the following has the highest proportion of etiology of congenital malformations?
- A. Maternal infections
- B. Maternal illness
- C. Environmental agents
- D. Monogenic inheritance
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Monogenic inheritance accounts for the highest proportion of congenital malformations.
The nurse is caring for a child with cystic fibrosis. Which intervention is most important when the child is hospitalized with a respiratory infection?
- A. Administer prescribed antibiotics as soon as possible.
- B. Increase fluid intake to help thin mucus.
- C. Provide respiratory treatments and postural drainage.
- D. Encourage high-calorie, high-protein meals.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Respiratory treatments and postural drainage are critical to help clear mucus from the lungs in children with cystic fibrosis, especially during respiratory infections.