Nokea
Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F): a) The most common cause of immediate postpartum haemorrhage is trauma to the genital tract during delivery. b) There are four major principles to follow in the specific management of a mother with immediate postpartum haemorrhage.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C. TRUE
- D. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most common cause of postpartum haemorrhage is uterine atony, not trauma.
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M. T. is a 71-year-old female who presents for evaluation of a lump on her chest. She denies any symptomsthere is no pain, erythema, edema, ecchymosis, or open areasit is just a lump. She has no idea how long it has been there and just noticed it a few weeks ago. Physical examination reveals a round, smooth, flesh-colored tumor. It is firm but not hard it has smooth borders. It measures 6 cm in diameter and is non-tender to palpation. The AGACNP suspects that this is a classic presentation of the most common chest wall tumor known as a
- A. Neurolemma
- B. Lipoma
- C. Hemangioma
- D. Lymphangioma
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The described presentation of a round, smooth, flesh-colored tumor that is firm but not hard, with smooth borders, non-tender to palpation, and measuring 6 cm in diameter, fits the classic presentation of a lipoma. Lipomas are common noncancerous soft tissue tumors often found just beneath the skin, can occur anywhere on the body, including the chest wall. They are usually painless and slowly growing, with a characteristic appearance of being smooth, soft, and mobile under the skin. In this case, the absence of pain, redness, swelling, or other concerning signs, along with the appearance and characteristics of the lump, are highly suggestive of a lipoma.
The diameter that presents in complete breech presentation is
- A. Bitrochanteric 9.5 cm
- B. Bitrochanteric 10 cm
- C. Bisacral 9.5 cm
- D. Bisacral 10cm
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The presenting diameter in complete breech presentation is bisacral 10 cm.
How can maternal nutrition affect fetal development?
- A. Ensures proper growth
- B. Prevents birth defects
- C. Reduces the risk of preterm birth
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maternal nutrition supports fetal growth, prevents birth defects, and reduces preterm birth risks.
Lester R. is a 58-year-old male who is being evaluated for nocturia. He reports that he has to get up 2 to 3 times nightly to void. Additional assessment reveals urinary urgency and appreciable post-void dribbling. A digital rectal examination reveals a normal-sized prostate with no appreciable hypertrophy. The best approach to this patient includes
- A. Administration of the American Urological Association (AUA) Symptom Scale
- B. Laboratory assessment to include a PSA
- C. Ordering a prostate ultrasound
- D. Assessment of nonprostate causes of nocturia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this case, the best approach to the patient includes assessment of nonprostate causes of nocturia. Despite the lack of significant prostate hypertrophy on digital rectal examination, the patient is experiencing bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms such as nocturia, urinary urgency, and post-void dribbling. These symptoms suggest the need to consider alternative causes beyond prostate enlargement. Factors such as overactive bladder, urinary tract infections, diabetes, sleep apnea, medications, or other systemic conditions could be contributing to the patient's symptoms. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation to identify potential nonprostate causes of the patient's nocturia is warranted before considering more invasive prostate-specific tests like PSA, ultrasound, or symptom scales.
Postmaturity is pregnancy equal to or more than
- A. 38 completed weeks
- B. 42 completed weeks
- C. 40 completed weeks
- D. 36 completed weeks
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Postmaturity refers to pregnancies that last beyond 42 weeks.