Nokea
Injury to which segment of the spine results in damage to the chest and abdominal muscles?
- A. cervical
- B. thoracic
- C. lumbar
- D. sacral
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Injury to the thoracic spine (T1-T12) can affect the chest and abdominal muscles, as this region of the spinal cord controls motor and sensory functions for the upper body. Damage here can lead to paralysis or weakness in these areas.
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The LPN/LVN, under your supervision, is providing nursing care for a patient with GBS. What observation would you instruct the LPN/LVN to report immediately?
- A. Complaints of numbness and tingling
- B. Facial weakness and difficulty speaking
- C. Rapid heart rate of 102 beats per minute
- D. Shallow respirations and decreased breath sounds
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Respiratory compromise is a critical concern in GBS and requires immediate attention.
Which patient should the nurse assess first after change-of-shift report?
- A. A 42-year-old patient with carpal tunnel syndrome complaining of pain.
- B. A 64-year-old patient with osteoporosis who is waiting for discharge.
- C. A 28-year-old patient with fracture complaining that the cast is tight.
- D. A 56-year-old patient with left leg amputation complaining of phantom pain.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A tight cast can lead to compartment syndrome, which is a medical emergency.
At the scene of the accident in which position should Joe be placed before being transported by ambulance to the emergency room?
- A. The position in which he was found
- B. Lateral position with arms flexed
- C. Supine position with head in neutral position
- D. Supine position with head flexed
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Neutral head position prevents further spinal injury.
What is a common neurotransmitter?
- A. Acetylcholine
- B. GABA
- C. Serotonin
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acetylcholine, GABA, and serotonin are all common neurotransmitters. Acetylcholine is involved in muscle activation and memory, GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that reduces neuronal excitability, and serotonin regulates mood, appetite, and sleep. The diversity of neurotransmitters allows for complex regulation of nervous system functions.
During muscle strength testing, the patient has active movement against gravity and some resistance to pressure. What score should the nurse give this finding?
- A. 2
- B. 3
- C. 4
- D. 5
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Grade 4 indicates movement against gravity and moderate resistance.