Nokea
Insulin medications are not administered per os because
- A. Are poorly absorbed in GI truct
- B. They are breaksdown by the action of dygestive enzymes
- C. Increase glucose absorbtion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Insulin is a peptide broken down by digestive enzymes, rendering oral administration ineffective.
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Phil is starting treatment with febuxostat (Uloric). Education of patients starting febuxostat includes:
- A. Gout may worsen with therapy
- B. Febuxostat may cause severe diarrhea
- C. He should consume a high-calcium diet
- D. He will need frequent CBC monitoring
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Febuxostat can initially worsen gout as uric acid mobilizes; diarrhea or calcium aren't emphasized.
Which of the following patients would be at higher risk of experiencing adverse drug reactions (ADRs):
- A. A 32-year-old male
- B. A 22-year-old female
- C. A 3-month-old female
- D. A 48-year-old male
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Infants like a 3-month-old have immature organ systems, increasing ADR risk compared to healthy adults.
Which example best demonstrates safe drug administration by the nurse?
- A. Administering an oral medication with the patient sitting upright
- B. Asking children to say their name before administering the medication
- C. Leaving the medications on the bedside stand after verifying patient identification
- D. Returning the unused portion of a medication to a stock supply bottle
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sitting the patient upright for oral medications is safe medication practice. Children should never be asked their names as a means of positive identification. Remaining with a patient until the drug is swallowed is safe practice. Returning an unused portion of medication to the stock supply bottle is not safe medication practice.
Harold, a 42-year-old African American, has moderate persistent asthma. Which of the following asthma medications should be used cautiously, if at all?
- A. Betamethasone, an inhaled corticosteroid
- B. Salmeterol, an inhaled long-acting beta-agonist
- C. Albuterol, a short-acting beta-agonist
- D. Montelukast, a leukotriene modifier
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Salmeterol carries a Black Box Warning for increased asthma-related deaths, especially in African Americans, requiring caution; others are safer.
It is often necessary to obtain baseline data prior to initiating many forms of drug therapy. These baseline data include what? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Education level
- B. Allergies
- C. wealth
- D. Number of members in family
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Allergies and drug use directly impact therapy safety and efficacy; education and family size are less relevant.