LPN Nursing Fundamentals

LPN Nursing Fundamentals Related

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It is best described as a systematic, rational method of planning and providing nursing care for individuals, families, group and community

  • A. Assessment
  • B. Nursing Process
  • C. Diagnosis
  • D. Implementation
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The nursing process (B) is a comprehensive, systematic framework used by nurses to deliver patient-centered care. It encompasses five steps: assessment (data collection), diagnosis (identifying health problems), planning (setting goals and interventions), implementation (carrying out the plan), and evaluation (assessing outcomes). This definition matches the description in the question as a rational, organized method applicable to individuals, families, groups, and communities. Assessment (A) is only the first step, not the entire method. Diagnosis (C) is a single phase focused on problem identification, while implementation (D) is the action phase, neither encompassing the full scope described. The nursing process integrates critical thinking and evidence-based practice to ensure holistic care, making B the accurate answer reflecting its broad, systematic nature.

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Which of the following behaviors by Nurse Jane Robles demonstrates that she understands well the elements of effecting charting?

  • A. She signs her charting as follows: J.R
  • B. She writes in the chart using a no. 2 pencils.
  • C. She noted: appetite is good this afternoon.
  • D. She signs on the medication sheet after administering the medication.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Effective charting requires accuracy, clarity, and accountability, adhering to legal and professional standards. Signing the medication sheet after administering medication, as Nurse Jane does, exemplifies this by confirming the intervention occurred, ensuring patient safety, and providing a verifiable record. This practice aligns with the 'Five Rights' of medication administration and reduces error risks, such as double-dosing. Conversely, signing as 'J.R.' lacks full identification (name and title), compromising accountability. Using a pencil risks erasure or alteration, undermining record integrity, as permanent ink is standard. Noting 'appetite is good' is subjective and lacks detail (e.g., meal percentage consumed), reducing its clinical value. Nurse Jane's action of signing post-medication administration reflects a strong grasp of charting's role in care continuity and safety, making it the best demonstration of effective documentation principles.

A client with a new diagnosis of celiac disease is being taught about dietary management. Which of the following statements should be included by the healthcare provider?

  • A. You should avoid foods that contain gluten.
  • B. You should increase your intake of dairy products.
  • C. You should avoid foods that contain lactose.
  • D. You should increase your intake of high-fiber foods.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'You should avoid foods that contain gluten.' Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye, which can trigger an immune response in individuals with celiac disease. Avoiding gluten-containing foods is crucial to managing the condition and preventing symptoms and complications associated with celiac disease. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Increasing dairy intake (Choice B) is not necessary for celiac disease management. Avoiding lactose (Choice C) is relevant for individuals with lactose intolerance, not celiac disease. While high-fiber foods (Choice D) are generally beneficial for health, they are not specifically indicated for celiac disease management.

A client with a new diagnosis of diverticulitis is being taught dietary management by a healthcare provider. Which of the following statements should the provider include in the teaching?

  • A. You should increase your intake of high-fiber foods.
  • B. You should avoid foods that contain lactose.
  • C. You should decrease your intake of high-fiber foods.
  • D. You should increase your intake of dairy products.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Increasing intake of high-fiber foods is essential in managing diverticulitis as it promotes regular bowel movements and prevents constipation, reducing the risk of complications and improving overall digestive health. Choice B is incorrect because lactose intolerance is different from diverticulitis and avoiding lactose is not a standard recommendation for diverticulitis. Choice C is incorrect as decreasing high-fiber foods would be counterproductive for managing diverticulitis. Choice D is wrong because increasing dairy products is not a primary dietary recommendation for diverticulitis management.

John has a fever of 39.5 degrees 2 days ago, But yesterday, he has a normal temperature of 36.5 degrees. Today, his temperature surges to 40 degrees. What type of fever is John having?

  • A. Relapsing
  • B. Intermittent
  • C. Remittent
  • D. Constant
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Relapsing fever spikes (39.5-40°C) with normal breaks (36.5°C) e.g., borrelia, days apart. Intermittent (daily normal), remittent (fluctuating high), and constant (stable) differ. Nurses note this e.g., two-day gap for infection management, per fever types.

When should the client test his blood sugar levels for greater accuracy?

  • A. During meals
  • B. In between meals
  • C. Before meals
  • D. 2 Hours after meals
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Before meals e.g., fasting glucose offers accurate baseline sugar levels, unlike during (eating), between (variable), or post-meal (spike). Nurses advise this e.g., AM checks for diabetes monitoring, per endocrinology standards.

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