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It is important to stay with a patient during the first bath or shower after surgery because the patient may
- A. Be unsteady while standing and sitting.
- B. Have an increase in pain when moving about.
- C. Cause the incision to open up when getting in the water.
- D. Experience vasodilation and become dizzy or faint.
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: Post-surgical patients may be weak or unsteady due to anesthesia effects or reduced mobility, increasing the risk of falls. Vasodilation from warm water can also cause dizziness or fainting, especially in a weakened state. While pain may increase with movement, it is not the primary concern for supervision, and incisions are unlikely to open from bathing alone.
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When you provide oral care to an unconscious patient, you will
- A. Position the patient on the left or right side with the bed flat.
- B. Use lemon glycerin swabs to clean the patient's lips and gums.
- C. Assess the mouth for lesions and sores.
- D. Use plenty of water to rinse the toothpaste from the teeth and gums.
- E. Keep a suction device on and ready for use.
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: For an unconscious patient, positioning on the side with the bed flat prevents aspiration during oral care. Assessing the mouth for lesions ensures proper care and identifies issues. A suction device is essential to remove fluids and prevent choking. Lemon glycerin swabs can dry the mucosa, and rinsing with water is avoided to prevent aspiration.
You are caring for a patient with a nasogastric tube who is unable to take food or fluids by mouth. How often will you perform oral care for this patient?
- A. Unnecessary because the patient is not eating or drinking anything
- B. Every 2 hours
- C. Every 4 hours
- D. Every 8 hours
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patients with nasogastric tubes are at risk for dry mouth and oral infections due to lack of oral intake and tube irritation. Oral care every 2 hours helps maintain oral hygiene, prevent infections, and ensure patient comfort.
While you are assisting a patient with a bed bath, you notice a purplish blotching on the skin of the lower legs and feet. This is an indication of
- A. A reaction to medications.
- B. Increased heat in the legs and feet.
- C. Infection.
- D. Decreased circulation to the legs and feet.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Purplish blotching on the lower legs and feet is often a sign of poor blood flow, indicating decreased circulation. This can be associated with conditions like peripheral vascular disease. It is not typically a reaction to medications, increased heat, or infection unless accompanied by other specific symptoms.
When cleaning dentures, you will do which of the following?
- A. Line the sink with a towel or washcloth for a soft surface in case the dentures slip.
- B. Use hot water to rinse the dentures before cleaning them to remove food particles.
- C. Use cool water when washing the dentures to prevent damage to them.
- D. Store them in a denture cup with cool water and a cleaning tablet if the patient wishes.
- E. Clean a partial denture with metal parts by soaking it in water containing a dissolved cleaning tablet.
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Lining the sink prevents denture damage if dropped. Cool water is used to avoid warping or damaging dentures. Storing in a denture cup with cool water and a cleaning tablet is standard practice if desired. Hot water can damage dentures, and soaking partial dentures with metal parts in cleaning solutions may cause corrosion.
Label the following bed positions:
- A. Fowler's position
- B. Trendelenburg position
- C. Supine position
- D. Prone position
- E. Lateral position
- F. Sims' position
- G. Reverse Trendelenburg position
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Common bed positions include Fowler's (head elevated), Trendelenburg (head lower than feet), and Supine (lying flat on back). These are standard positions used in patient care for comfort, breathing, or procedural needs.