Nokea
Justin Mack, 20, was critically injured in a motorcycle accident and is not expected to survive. His parents, after arriving at the hospital from several hundred miles away, are asked to give important information about Justin, including:
- A. his childhood immunization schedule.
- B. whether Justin wanted to be an organ donor.
- C. the number of siblings Justin had.
- D. previous hospitalizations and surgeries.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Finding out about his childhood immunizations is of minor importance, given the prognosis. Getting information about whether Justin expressed the desire to donate his organs would be important at this time. Asking about the number of siblings might be a conversation opener, but is not of high importance to Justin's care. Previous hospitalizations and surgeries are irrelevant unless the organ donation is being considered, and this would then be important to learn.
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In planning Mrs. Filbert's care during an acute attack of Meniere disease, it would be most important to
- A. encourage her to discuss her feelings about her illness
- B. keep her siderails up and provide assistance when she is permitted out of bed
- C. instruct her about prescribed dietary modifications
- D. encourage her to walk around her room so that her joints will not get stiff
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dietary changes, such as reducing salt intake, play a key role in managing Meniere disease by helping control fluid balance in the inner ear.
A healthcare professional is preparing to administer albuterol syrup 1.6 mg PO tid. Available is albuterol 2 mg/5mL. How many mL should the healthcare professional administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
- A. 4 mL
- B. 6 mL
- C. 10 mL
- D. 5.5 mL
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To determine the mL per dose of albuterol syrup, we need to calculate how many mL contain 1.6 mg of albuterol. Given that 2 mg of albuterol is in 5 mL of syrup, we can set up a proportion:
2 mg / 5 mL = 1.6 mg / x mL
Cross-multiply to solve for x:
2 * x = 1.6 * 5
2x = 8
x = 4 mL
Therefore, the correct answer is A: 4 mL.
Choice B (6 mL) is incorrect because it does not match the calculated value. Choice C (10 mL) is incorrect as it is too high based on the calculation. Choice D (5.5 mL) is incorrect as it does not match the precise calculated value of 4 mL.
A client is being admitted to the surgical unit from the PACU following a cholecystectomy. Which of the following assessments is the nurse's priority?
- A. Bowel sounds
- B. Surgical dressing
- C. Temperature
- D. Oxygen saturation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Oxygen saturation. The priority assessment after a cholecystectomy is monitoring the client's oxygen saturation to ensure adequate oxygenation post-surgery. Decreased oxygen saturation can indicate respiratory distress, which requires immediate intervention. Bowel sounds (A) are important but not the priority post-cholecystectomy. Surgical dressing (B) should be assessed, but it is not as critical as monitoring oxygen saturation. Temperature (C) is also important, but ensuring oxygenation takes precedence in the immediate postoperative period.
What is your evaluation of Mr. Smith’s skin rash and slight fever after taking INH for 3 months?
- A. Is developing hepatitis
- B. Has not been taking INH
- C. Is having a normal response to the medication
- D. Is demonstrating early signs of drug hypersensitivity
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because Mr. Smith's skin rash and slight fever after taking INH for 3 months indicate early signs of drug hypersensitivity. This is supported by the timing of symptoms appearing after prolonged use, which is typical for drug hypersensitivity reactions. Other choices are incorrect: A, developing hepatitis would show different symptoms; B, not taking INH would not explain the symptoms; C, a normal response would not involve rash and fever.
A client is being treated for inhalational anthrax following bioterrorism exposure. Which of the following medications should NOT be expected as a common treatment for anthrax?
- A. Ciprofloxacin
- B. Doxycycline
- C. Amoxicillin
- D. Penicillin G
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Penicillin G. Anthrax is caused by Bacillus anthracis, which is susceptible to ciprofloxacin and doxycycline. Penicillin and amoxicillin are not recommended due to the potential for B. anthracis to produce beta-lactamase, which can make the bacteria resistant to penicillin-based medications. Penicillin G is not effective in treating anthrax and should not be expected as a common treatment option.