Nokea
Kasabach-Merritt syndrome is characterized by all the following EXCEPT
- A. thrombocytopenia
- B. microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
- C. coagulopathy
- D. association with infantile hemangiomas
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Kasabach-Merritt syndrome is not typically associated with hemangiomas.
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. A client is prescribed prednisone (Deltasone) daily. Which statement best explains why the nurse should instruct the client to take this drug in the morning?
- A. Taking the drug at the same time every day establishes a regular routine, reducing the risk of forgetting a dose.
- B. Prednisone has a longer half-life with morning administration, making it more effective.
- C. Morning administration of prednisone mimics the body's natural corticosteroid secretion pattern.
- D. Prednisone is best absorbed when taken on an empty stomach first thing in the morning.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The best statement explaining why the nurse should instruct the client to take prednisone (Deltasone) in the morning is that morning administration mimics the body's natural corticosteroid secretion pattern. Cortisol, a natural corticosteroid, is highest in the morning and decreases throughout the day. By taking prednisone in the morning, the client aligns the medication's peak effects with the body's natural cortisol levels, which can help reduce the risk of disrupting the body's internal rhythm and minimize potential side effects. This timing also helps achieve optimal therapeutic effects while minimizing the risk of adrenal suppression and other adverse effects associated with corticosteroid use.
Nurse Dennis provides health promotion to a group of male adults. He is correct when he states that clients with cirrhosis should include which measure to adhere to a home?
- A. supplemet with daily multivitamins
- B. take sleeping pills at home
- C. limit daily alcohol intake
- D. limit contact at all times
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clients with cirrhosis, which is a serious liver condition, should avoid or limit their alcohol intake. Alcohol can worsen liver damage and lead to further complications such as liver failure. Nurse Dennis is correct in advising clients with cirrhosis to adhere to this measure in order to promote their health and reduce the progression of the disease. Taking daily multivitamins can be beneficial for some individuals, but limiting alcohol intake is crucial for those with cirrhosis. Taking sleeping pills at home without medical supervision can also be dangerous, as it may interact with other medications and worsen liver function. Limiting contact at all times is not relevant to managing cirrhosis.
An adult has a central venous line. Which of the following should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Complete blood count and electrolytes
- B. Regular chest x rays to ensure proper placement of the central line
- C. Continuous infusion of the solution at a keep vein open rate
- D. Any signs of infection, air embolus, and leakage or puncture
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An adult with a central venous line should include monitoring for any signs of infection, air embolus, and leakage or puncture in the plan of care. Central venous lines carry a risk of complications such as infection, air embolism, and mechanical issues like leakage or puncture. These complications can be serious and require immediate attention to prevent further harm to the patient. Regular monitoring and assessment for these potential issues are crucial in providing safe care for a patient with a central venous line. Other options (A, B, C) may be important in the overall care but monitoring for complications is the priority.
Mang Simon, a hypertensive male client was prescribed with an exercise program. Which intervention would help Mang Simon in maintaining this program?
- A. writing down the exercise program
- B. thoroughly explaining the program to his wife, Aling Nena
- C. Motivating him positively that he can do it
- D. Doing it according to his needs and abilities
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Doing the exercise program according to Mang Simon's needs and abilities is the most appropriate intervention to help ensure his compliance and adherence to the program. By tailoring the exercise program to fit his personal limitations and capabilities, Mang Simon will be more likely to engage in physical activities without risking injury or overwhelming his body. Adjusting the intensity, duration, and type of exercises to suit his individual health condition is crucial in promoting his overall well-being and successfully managing his hypertension. This personalized approach will help him feel more confident and motivated to continue with the exercise program in the long term.
Mr. Garcia, a 41-year old chronic alcohol drinker is admitted to the hospital after vomiting bright red blood. He was diagnosed to have a bleeding gastric ulcer and suddenly develops sudden sharp pain in the midepigastric region with a rigid boardlike abdomen. This likely indicates:
- A. development of intestinal
- B. inflammation of the esophagus
- C. perforation of the ulcer
- D. development of additional ulcers
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The sudden sharp pain in the midepigastric region with a rigid boardlike abdomen in a patient with a bleeding gastric ulcer, especially in the setting of chronic alcohol use, is indicative of a perforation of the ulcer. Perforation occurs when the ulcer penetrates through the wall of the stomach or duodenum, leading to the leakage of gastric contents into the peritoneal cavity. This results in peritonitis, causing severe abdominal pain and rigidity. Perforation of the ulcer is a surgical emergency requiring immediate intervention to repair the perforation, control the infection, and prevent further complications like sepsis. It is a life-threatening condition that necessitates prompt diagnosis and management.