Nokea
Laboratory findings consistent with acute glomerulonephritis include all of the following except :
- A. hematuria.
- B. polyuria.
- C. proteinuria.
- D. white cell casts.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acute glomerulonephritis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys, leading to kidney dysfunction. Common laboratory findings consistent with acute glomerulonephritis include hematuria (blood in the urine), proteinuria (protein in the urine), and white cell casts (indicative of inflammation in the kidney tubules). Polyuria, which refers to excessive urination, is not a typical laboratory finding associated with acute glomerulonephritis. Instead, patients with acute glomerulonephritis often present with oliguria or reduced urine output due to impaired kidney function. Therefore, polyuria is not consistent with the typical laboratory findings of acute glomerulonephritis.
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A young male client visits a nurse with a complaint of chronic tension headaches. Which of the ff is the most appropriate nursing instruction to manage the client?
- A. Instructing the client to monitor for signs of bruising or bleeding
- B. Suggesting eating and swallowing techniques that reduce the potential for aspiration
- C. Counselling on alternate therapies
- D. Advising the client to change sleeping positions frequently
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most appropriate nursing instruction to manage a young male client with chronic tension headaches is counseling on alternate therapies. Chronic tension headaches can be caused or exacerbated by various factors such as stress, poor posture, eyestrain, or muscular tension. Counseling on alternate therapies can include techniques such as relaxation exercises, stress management strategies, mindfulness practices, physical therapy, or massage therapy. These alternative therapies can help the client manage stress, improve posture, and reduce muscle tension, which may help alleviate the frequency or intensity of tension headaches. It is important to explore non-pharmacological approaches before considering medication, especially for chronic conditions like tension headaches.
When is isotretinoin (Accutane) indicated for the treatment of acne during adolescence?
- A. The acne has not responded to other treatments.
- B. The adolescent is or may become pregnant.
- C. The adolescent is unable to give up foods causing acne.
- D. Frequent washing with antibacterial soap has been unsuccessful.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Isotretinoin (Accutane) is a potent medication used for severe acne that has not responded to other treatments, such as topical medications or antibiotics. It is typically considered as a last resort due to its potential side effects and risks. Adolescents with resistant, severe acne who have not seen improvement with other therapies may be good candidates for isotretinoin treatment. It is important for the prescribing healthcare provider to carefully assess the severity of the acne and weigh the benefits against the potential risks before initiating isotretinoin therapy.
A client is admitted for treatment of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which nursing intervention is appropriate?
- A. Infusing IV fluids rapidly as ordered
- B. Administering glucose-containing IV
- C. Encouraging increased oral intake fluids as ordered
- D. Restricting fluids
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), there is an excessive release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to water retention by the kidneys and dilution of electrolytes in the blood. This can result in hyponatremia and fluid overload. Therefore, the appropriate nursing intervention for a client with SIADH is to restrict fluids to help prevent further fluid retention and worsening of hyponatremia. Infusing IV fluids rapidly, administering glucose-containing IV fluids, or encouraging increased oral fluid intake would exacerbate the problem by further diluting the electrolyte concentration in the blood. By restricting fluids, the aim is to maintain a strict intake and output balance to promote a gradual increase in serum sodium levels and help restore normal fluid balance in the body.
A child is being discharged from an ambulatory care center after an inguinal hernia repair. Which discharge interventions should the nurse implement? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Discuss dietary restrictions.
- B. Hold any analgesic medications until the child is home.
- C. Send a pain scale home with the family.
- D. Suggest the parents fill the prescriptions on the way home.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Discuss dietary restrictions: It is important to provide the family with information regarding any dietary restrictions that the child may have post-surgery to ensure proper healing and comfort.
A nurse is preparing to test a school-age child's vision. Which eye chart should the nurse use?
- A. Denver Eye Screening Test
- B. Allen picture card test
- C. Ishihara vision test
- D. Snellen letter chart
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should use the Snellen letter chart to test a school-age child's vision. The Snellen chart is specifically designed to assess distance vision by having the child read rows of letters of various sizes from a specific distance. This chart is commonly used for vision screenings and has standardized letter sizes that help determine visual acuity. The other options listed - Denver Eye Screening Test, Allen picture card test, and Ishihara vision test - are not typically used for testing visual acuity in the same way the Snellen chart is.