Nokea
Licorice root is a common treatment for dyspepsia. Drug interactions with licorice include:
- A. Antihypertensives, diuretics, and digoxin
- B. Antidiarrheals, antihistamines, and omeprazole
- C. Penicillin antibiotic class and benzodiazepines
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Licorice affects potassium levels and blood pressure, interacting with antihypertensives, diuretics, and digoxin.
You may also like to solve these questions
Isoniazid (INH) may induce a deficiency of which vitamin?
- A. B6
- B. C
- C. D
- D. E
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Isoniazid interferes with vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) metabolism, increasing deficiency risk.
What takes up a large amount of drug?
- A. Muscles
- B. Adipose
- C. Brain
- D. A and B
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Muscles and adipose tissue take up large drug amounts due to their mass and lipid content (for lipophilic drugs), respectively, making D correct.
A drug with a half-life of 4 hours is administered at a dosage of 100 mg. How much of the drug will be in the patient's system 8 hours after administration?
- A. 75 mg
- B. 50 mg
- C. 37.5 mg
- D. 25 mg
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The half-life of a drug is the time it takes for the amount of drug in the body to decrease to 1 half the peak level it previously achieved. Option A would occur 2 hours after administration of the drug. Option B would occur at 4 hours. Option C would occur at 6 hours. Option D would occur at 8 hours after the original administration of the drug.
Patient teaching related to amlodipine includes:
- A. Increase calcium intake to prevent osteoporosis from a calcium blockade.
- B. Do not crush the tablet; it must be given in liquid form if the patient has trouble swallowing it.
- C. Avoid grapefruit juice as it affects the metabolism of this drug.
- D. Rise slowly from a supine position to reduce orthostatic hypotension.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Grapefruit juice inhibits CYP3A4, increasing amlodipine levels.
During which phase of pharmacokinetics could a significant drug-drug interaction occur, resulting in one drug stimulating or blocking the metabolism of the other drug?
- A. Absorption
- B. Distribution
- C. Biotransformation
- D. Excretion
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During biotransformation, a drug may be metabolized quicker if taken at the same time as another drug, and higher doses of the drug will be needed to achieve the desired effect. During absorption, one drug can prevent or accelerate absorption of the other drug. During distribution, one drug competes for the protein-binding site of another drug so the second drug cannot be transported to the reactive tissue. During excretion, one drug competes for excretion with the other drug, leading to accumulation and toxic effects of one of the drugs.