Nokea
Long-chain triglyceride absorption requires:
- A. Intraluminal bile salts
- B. Mixed micelle formation
- C. Intraluminal trypsin
- D. Intact duodenum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mixed micelle formation: The absorption of long-chain triglycerides requires bile salts to form mixed micelles, which facilitate the transport of lipids across the intestinal mucosa.
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Regarding cranial nerves:
- A. Meningioma of the olfactory groove may cause unilateral anosmia
- B. Lesion in the geniculate ganglion produces hyperacusis
- C. Frontalis muscle is spared in lower motor neuron facial palsy
- D. In oculomotor palsy, pupillary sparing occurs in early stages of external compression of the nerve by a tumour
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Meningioma affecting the olfactory groove can compress the olfactory nerve, leading to unilateral anosmia.
A woman who works as a data entry clerk is concerned as to how recent diagnosis of Raynaud's syndrome is going to affect her job performance. Which instruction should the nurse provide this client?
- A. Use a space heater to keep the workspace warm
- B. Keep hands elevated above the heart to prevent swelling.
- C. Wear tight gloves during work to avoid temperature fluctuations.
- D. Take frequent breaks to improve circulation in the hands.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Keeping the hands warm helps prevent vasospasms, which are characteristic of Raynaud's syndrome.
Evidence of increased pulmonary flow is associated with:
- A. Coarctation of the aorta
- B. Fallot's tetralogy
- C. Pneumocystis infection
- D. Ventricular septal defect
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A ventricular septal defect (VSD) leads to increased pulmonary blood flow due to left-to-right shunting, resulting in pulmonary congestion.
Regarding cisapride:
- A. It is licensed for use in children
- B. Fatal arrhythmias have been reported
- C. Concurrent administration with erythromycin is not advised
- D. It commonly causes constipation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fatal arrhythmias have been reported: Cisapride, a gastrointestinal prokinetic agent, has been linked to fatal arrhythmias, particularly when combined with certain drugs like erythromycin.
Complement system:
- A. Is activated by bacterial endotoxins by the classical pathway
- B. Reduced C3 and C4 are usual findings in acute glomerulonephritis
- C. Hereditary angioneurotic oedema is caused by deficiency of one of the components of the classical pathway of the system
- D. Is part of humoral immunity
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The complement system is a key component of humoral immunity, playing a role in the immune response to pathogens.