Nokea
A 3-year-old child with a fever and sore throat is most likely to have:
- A. Coxsackievirus infection
- B. Tonsillitis
- C. Scarlet fever
- D. Measles
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tonsillitis is a common cause of fever and sore throat in young children and may be viral or bacterial in origin.
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A 2-year-old child is being treated for lead poisoning. Which of the following findings indicates the need for further intervention?
- A. Increased urine output
- B. Decreased hemoglobin levels
- C. Weight gain
- D. Improved developmental milestones
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lead poisoning can cause anemia, so a decrease in hemoglobin levels would indicate that further intervention is necessary.
An older client arrives at the outpatient eye surgery clinic for a right cataract extraction and lens implant. During the immediate postoperative period, which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Teach a family member to administer eye drops
- B. Encourage deep breathing and coughing exercises
- C. Provide an eye shield to be worn while sleeping
- D. Obtain vital signs every 2 hours during hospitalization
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An eye shield protects the surgical site from accidental trauma during sleep, which is critical for postoperative healing.
Prader Willi syndrome:
- A. Is caused by a maternal deletion of a part of chromosome 15
- B. Presents with macrosomia in infancy
- C. Developmental delay is common
- D. Behavioural problems are common
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Developmental delay is a common feature of Prader Willi syndrome, along with other symptoms such as hypotonia and feeding difficulties in infancy.
The causes of elevated maternal serum AFP are:
- A. Trisomy 21
- B. Exomphalos
- C. Marfan syndrome
- D. Meningomyelocele
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Elevated maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is associated with neural tube defects such as meningomyelocele, due to leakage of AFP into the amniotic fluid.
The following tests are routine in the management of an epileptic on carbamazepine:
- A. Blood counts
- B. Serum levels
- C. Liver function tests
- D. Renal function tests
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Liver function tests are routinely monitored in patients taking carbamazepine due to the risk of liver toxicity, which can occur with prolonged use.