Nokea
Lymphangitis (streaking) is frequently seen in what?
- A. Cellulitis
- B. Folliculitis
- C. Impetigo contagiosa
- D. Staphylococcal scalded skin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lymphangitis is frequently seen in cellulitis. If it is present, hospitalization is usually required for parenteral antibiotics. Lymphangitis is not associated with folliculitis, impetigo, or staphylococcal scalded skin.
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A 4-month-old infant comes to the clinic for a well-infant checkup. Immunizations she should receive are DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis) and IPV (inactivated poliovirus vaccine). She is recovering from a cold but is otherwise healthy and afebrile. Her older sister has cancer and is receiving chemotherapy. Nursing considerations should include which?
- A. DTaP and IPV can be safely given.
- B. DTaP and IPV are contraindicated because she has a cold.
- C. IPV is contraindicated because her sister is immunocompromised.
- D. DTaP and IPV are contraindicated because her sister is immunocompromised.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: These immunizations can be given safely. Serious illness is a contraindication. A mild illness with or without fever is not a contraindication. These are not live vaccines, so they do not pose a risk to her sister.
When giving instructions to a parent whose child has scabies, what should the nurse include?
- A. Treat all family members if symptoms develop.
- B. Be prepared for symptoms to last 2 to 3 weeks.
- C. Carefully treat only areas where there is a rash.
- D. Notify practitioner so an antibiotic can be prescribed.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The mite responsible for the scabies will most likely be killed with the administration of medications. It will take 2 to 3 weeks for the stratum corneum to heal. That is when the symptoms will abate. Initiation of therapy does not wait for clinical symptom development. All individuals in close contact with the affected child need to be treated. Permethrin, a scabicide, is the preferred treatment and is applied to all skin surfaces.
A mother tells the nurse that she does not want her infant immunized because of the discomfort associated with injections. What should the nurse explain?
- A. This cannot be prevented.
- B. Infants do not feel pain as adults do.
- C. This is not a good reason for refusing immunizations.
- D. A topical anesthetic can be applied before injections are given.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: To minimize the discomfort associated with intramuscular injections, a topical anesthetic agent can be used on the injection site. These include EMLA (eutectic mixture of local anesthetic) and vapor coolant sprays. Pain associated with many procedures can be prevented or minimized by using the principles of atraumatic care. Infants have neural pathways that will indicate pain. Numerous research studies have indicated that infants perceive and react to pain in the same manner as do children and adults. The mother should be allowed to discuss her concerns and the alternatives available. This is part of the informed consent process.
Which is usually the only symptom of pediculosis capitis (head lice)?
- A. Itching
- B. Vesicles
- C. Scalp rash
- D. Localized inflammatory response
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Itching is generally the only manifestation of pediculosis capitis (head lice). Diagnosis is made by observation of the white eggs (nits) on the hair shaft. Vesicles, scalp rash, and localized inflammatory response are not symptoms of head lice.
What is the primary treatment for warts?
- A. Vaccination
- B. Local destruction
- C. Corticosteroids
- D. Specific antibiotic therapy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Local destructive therapy is individualized according to location, type, and number; surgical removal, electrocautery, curettage, cryotherapy, caustic solutions, x-ray treatment, and laser therapies are used. Vaccination is prophylaxis for warts, not a treatment. Corticosteroids and specific antibiotic therapy are not effective in the treatment of warts.