Nokea
Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the client with a burn injury. When applying the medication, the client complains of local discomfort and burning. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?
- A. Notifying the registered nurse
- B. Discontinuing the medication
- C. Informing the client that this is normal
- D. Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and gram-positive organisms and is used to treat burns to reduce bacteria present in avascular tissues. The client should be informed that the medication will cause local discomfort and burning and that this is a normal reaction; therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect.
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Prophylactic use of bisphosphonates is recommended for patients with early osteopenia related to long-term use of which of the following drugs?
- A. Selective estrogen receptor modulators
- B. Aspirin
- C. Glucocorticoids
- D. Calcium supplements
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Glucocorticoids cause bone loss, warranting bisphosphonate prophylaxis; SERMs protect bone.
Which of the following is not used for hyperthyroidism:
- A. Liothironine
- B. Levothiroxine
- C. Propilthiouracil
- D. Liotrix
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Propylthiouracil treats hyperthyroidism; the others are thyroid hormones used for hypothyroidism.
A pharmaceutical lab states that a drug causes negative side effects in 3 of every 100 patients. To confirm this affirmation, another laboratory chooses 5 people at random who have consumed the drug. What is the average number of patients that the laboratory should expect to experience side effects if they choose 100 patients at random?
- A. 1
- B. 2
- C. 3
- D. 4
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The expected value (mean) of a binomial distribution is n * p. Here, n=100 and p=0.03, so U = 100 * 0.03 = 3, as calculated in the document.
A patient who is taking isoniazid (INH) as part of a two-drug tuberculosis treatment regimen reports tingling of the fingers and toes. The nurse will recommend discussing which treatment with the provider?
- A. Adding pyrazinamide
- B. Changing to ethambutol
- C. Increasing oral fluid intake
- D. Taking pyridoxine (B6)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pyridoxine prevents INH-induced neuropathy (tingling); changing drugs or fluids doesn't address this. Peripheral neuropathy is an adverse reaction to INH, so pyridoxine is usually given to prevent this.
The nurse is reviewing the results of the patient's laboratory tests. What must the nurse keep in mind when reviewing these results related to medication administration?
- A. The patient's emotional response to the disease process
- B. The timing of the last dose of medication relative to when blood was drawn
- C. The possibility of a drug-laboratory test interaction
- D. A change in the body's responses or actions related to the drug
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The body works through a series of chemical reactions. Because of this, administration of a particular drug may alter results of tests that are done on various chemical levels or reactions as part of a diagnostic study. This drug-laboratory test interaction is caused by the drug being given and not necessarily by a change in the body's responses or actions. The patient's emotional response or timing of the last dose is not important in drug-laboratory interactions.