Nokea
Many older patients experience a decline in renal function as they age. What effect does renal decline have on medications?
- A. Decline in renal function has very little effect on medications unless the patient goes into acute renal failure.
- B. Decline in renal function can cause excessive amounts of a drug to be left circulating in the blood.
- C. Decline in renal function can cause an increase in dilute urine elimination, thereby flushing out too much medication too quickly.
- D. Decline in renal function does not really affect medications because most drugs are rendered inactive by the liver.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reduced renal function impairs drug excretion, leading to accumulation in the blood, which can cause toxicity or prolonged effects.
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An 89-year-old female has been admitted to the long-term care (LTC) facility where you work. She had tried to remain independent, but her arthritis now prevents her from ambulating in her home even with a walker, and her children felt she would be safer in an LTC facility. What neurological effects should you monitor for?
- A. Confusion
- B. Depression
- C. Delirium
- D. Dementia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Depression is a common neurological effect in older adults transitioning to LTC due to loss of independence and social changes.
An older person under your care who has been alert and oriented begins acting different than normal and appears to be hallucinating. Which of the following is the correct term for this?
- A. Depression
- B. Dementia
- C. Delirium
- D. Confusion
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Delirium is characterized by acute changes in mental status, such as hallucinations, often reversible with treatment.
Which one of the following integumentary system changes puts the patient at greatest risk for complications from bedrest?
- A. Skin becomes thin and fragile
- B. Capillaries become fragile
- C. Decreased circulation to skin and underlying tissue
- D. Tendency to bruise easily
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Decreased circulation increases the risk of pressure ulcers during bedrest, as it impairs tissue perfusion and healing.
As a nurse, you can review each medication to assess for its purpose and for overlap among drugs.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nurses play a key role in medication reconciliation to prevent polypharmacy and ensure safe use.
people are often in need of regular assistance because their health has declined significantly.
- A. 65-75 years old
- B. 75-85 years old
- C. 85-95 years old
- D. 95-100 years old
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The 85-95 age group often requires regular assistance due to significant health decline associated with advanced aging.