Nokea
Match each IV fluid with the appropriate term that accurately describes the solution's tonicity: 0.45% NS
- A. Isotonic
- B. Hypotonic
- C. Hypertonic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 0.45% NS is hypotonic, with lower osmolarity than plasma, causing fluid to enter cells.
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__ refers to a type of medication that causes blistering, necrosis, and sloughing of tissue when allowed to enter the subcutaneous tissue.
- A. Vesicant
- B. Non-vesicant
- C. Isotonic
- D. Hypertonic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vesicant medications cause severe tissue damage, including blistering and necrosis, if they leak into subcutaneous tissue.
Characteristics of a 'good' vein site to use for IV initiation include which of the following?
- A. Vein feels firm, hard, and sturdy
- B. Vein has a bifurcation
- C. Vein feels spongy and bouncy
- D. Vein rolls easily
- E. Vein is easy to feel
Correct Answer: C,E
Rationale: A good vein is spongy, bouncy, and palpable, indicating it's healthy and accessible.
The health care provider has ordered the IV to infuse at 75 mL/hr. The tubing's drop factor is 10. Calculate the gravity infusion rate. Show your work:
Correct Answer: 13 gtt/min
Rationale: Formula: (75 mL ? 10 gtt/mL) ÷ 60 min = 750 ÷ 60 = 12.5, rounded to 13 gtt/min.
Which of the following should be assessed prior to initiating an IV?
- A. Toughness of the patient's skin
- B. Purpose of the IV
- C. If the patient is allergic to tape, latex, or iodine
- D. The patient's white blood cell count results
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Knowing the IV's purpose ensures appropriate site and solution selection, and allergies prevent adverse reactions.
Match each IV fluid with the appropriate term that accurately describes the solution's tonicity: 0.9% NS
- A. Isotonic
- B. Hypotonic
- C. Hypertonic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 0.9% NS is isotonic, matching plasma osmolarity, so fluid stays in the intravascular space.