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When you are administering hypotonic IV solutions, you know that the fluids are going to
- A. Cause shifting of body fluids into the intravascular space.
- B. Cause shifting of body fluids from the intracellular spaces into the interstitial spaces.
- C. Cause shifting of body fluids out of the intravascular space and into the interstitial spaces, and then eventually into the intracellular spaces, rehydrating the cells.
- D. Remain in their original fluid compartments.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypotonic solutions have lower osmolarity, causing fluid to move from the intravascular space into cells, aiding rehydration.
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The red blood cells that have been separated from plasma for transfusion are called
- A. Whole blood
- B. Platelets
- C. Packed red blood cells
- D. Plasma concentrate
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Packed red blood cells are red cells separated from plasma, used for transfusions to treat anemia.
The IVPB is to infuse over 30 minutes. The PB solution bag is 50 mL. The tubing's drop factor is 12. Calculate the gravity infusion rate. Show your work.
Correct Answer: 20 gtt/min
Rationale: Formula: (50 mL ? 12 gtt/mL) ÷ 30 min = 600 ÷ 30 = 20 gtt/min.
Match each IV fluid with the appropriate term that accurately describes the solution's tonicity: D51/2NS
- A. Isotonic
- B. Hypotonic
- C. Hypertonic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: D5 1/2 NS is hypertonic due to dextrose and sodium content, drawing fluid from cells.
Match each IV fluid with the appropriate term that accurately describes the solution's tonicity: 1/2 NS
- A. Isotonic
- B. Hypotonic
- C. Hypertonic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 1/2 NS (0.45% NS) is hypotonic, promoting fluid shift into cells.
The health care provider has ordered the IV to infuse at 75 mL/hr. The tubing's drop factor is 10. Calculate the gravity infusion rate. Show your work:
Correct Answer: 13 gtt/min
Rationale: Formula: (75 mL ? 10 gtt/mL) ÷ 60 min = 750 ÷ 60 = 12.5, rounded to 13 gtt/min.