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Which type IV solution will cause cellular dehydration if infused unnecessarily?
- A. Isotonic solution
- B. Hypotonic solution
- C. Hypertonic solution
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypertonic solutions draw water out of cells due to high osmolarity, causing cellular dehydration if not needed.
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Match each IV fluid with the appropriate term that accurately describes the solution's tonicity: D51/2NS
- A. Isotonic
- B. Hypotonic
- C. Hypertonic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: D5 1/2 NS is hypertonic due to dextrose and sodium content, drawing fluid from cells.
The IVPB is to infuse over 30 minutes. The PB solution bag is 50 mL. The tubing's drop factor is 12. Calculate the gravity infusion rate. Show your work.
Correct Answer: 20 gtt/min
Rationale: Formula: (50 mL ? 12 gtt/mL) ÷ 30 min = 600 ÷ 30 = 20 gtt/min.
How does an intermittent prn lock differ from a traditional IV site?
- A. The prn lock is used for continual infusion of IV fluids or medications.
- B. The patient with a prn lock must be stuck each time medication needs to be administered.
- C. The prn lock provides subcutaneous access rather than IV access.
- D. The prn lock allows for intermittent infusion of IV fluids or medications without requiring a continual infusion of fluids.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A prn lock (saline lock) allows intermittent access without continuous infusion, unlike traditional IVs that often run fluids continuously.
Before you can safely administer IV medications, there are several things that you must know including
- A. If the patient has ever had IV medications before.
- B. The patient's medication allergies.
- C. The patient's disease or condition.
- D. Sterile technique.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Knowing the patient's allergies prevents adverse reactions, understanding their condition ensures appropriate treatment, and sterile technique prevents infections.
__ refers to a type of medication that causes blistering, necrosis, and sloughing of tissue when allowed to enter the subcutaneous tissue.
- A. Vesicant
- B. Non-vesicant
- C. Isotonic
- D. Hypertonic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vesicant medications cause severe tissue damage, including blistering and necrosis, if they leak into subcutaneous tissue.