Nokea
Match each term with the correct description: filtering units of kidney
- A. urethra
- B. nephrons
- C. bladder
- D. kidneys
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nephrons are the filtering units within the kidneys.
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Lamina propria of hard palate is formed by:
- A. Loose areolar connective tissue.
- B. Adipose tissue
- C. Periostium of the bone above
- D. Mucoid connective tissue.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The lamina propria of the hard palate is directly continuous with the periosteum of the underlying bone, providing a firm attachment. Loose areolar tissue is more typical in softer mucosal areas.
Absorption of fat occurs through the process of
- A. Active transport
- B. Facilitated transport
- C. Osmosis
- D. Simple diffusion
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fats, emulsified into micelles, are absorbed via simple diffusion into lacteals.
Which motor activity is primarily responsible for mixing and churning food in the small intestine to enhance digestion and absorption?
- A. Peristalsis
- B. Segmentation
- C. Migrating motor complex
- D. Gastric emptying
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Segmentation mixes chyme with digestive enzymes and increases mucosal contact for absorption in the small intestine.
Chemical digestion of carbohydrates begins in the........... whereas chemical digestion of proteins begins in the...........
- A. Oral cavity; duodenum
- B. Stomach; oral cavity
- C. Stomach; duodenum
- D. Oral cavity; Stomach
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Carbohydrate digestion starts in the oral cavity with salivary amylase, while protein digestion begins in the stomach with pepsin.
How many pairs of salivary glands produce saliva, which contains amylase to start digestion of dietary starch?
- A. Two
- B. Three
- C. Four
- D. Five
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Humans have three pairs of salivary glands (parotid, submandibular, sublingual) that produce saliva containing amylase; not five as originally asserted.