Nokea
Mental retardation is found in all the following:
- A. Trisomy 21
- B. Morquio syndrome
- C. Homocystinuria
- D. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) is a well-known cause of mental retardation. Morquio syndrome, Homocystinuria, and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome are not typically associated with mental retardation.
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Pulmonary hypertension is a complication of:
- A. ASD
- B. Eisenmenger syndrome
- C. Tricuspid atresia
- D. Tricuspid regurgitation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Eisenmenger syndrome is a well-known cause of pulmonary hypertension. The other options (a-d) can also lead to pulmonary hypertension but are less specific.
Common causes of recurrent abdominal pain include:
- A. Gilbert syndrome
- B. Chronic constipation
- C. Functional cause
- D. Gastric ulcer
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Functional abdominal pain is a common cause of recurrent abdominal pain in children, often without an identifiable organic cause.
What should the nurse assess prior to administering digoxin? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Sclera
- B. Apical pulse rate
- C. Cough
- D. Liver function test
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Because digoxin decreases the heart rate, the apical pulse should be assessed. If the HR is below 60 beats per minute, digoxin should not be administered.
What percentage (%) of patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease has the echocardiographic diagnosis of tricuspid stenosis as a co-existing lesion?
- A. 10
- B. 20
- C. 30
- D. 40
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Approximately 10% of patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease have tricuspid stenosis as a co-existing lesion.
A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) arrives at the clinic reporting shortness of breath on exertion and extreme weakness. Vital signs are temperature 100.4°F (38°C), heart rate 110 beats/minute, respirations 28 breaths/minute, and blood pressure 175/98 mmHg. The client usually receives dialysis three times a week but missed the last treatment. STAT blood specimens are sent to the laboratory for analysis. Which laboratory results should the nurse report to the healthcare provider immediately?
- A. Potassium 6.5 mEq/L (mmol/L)
- B. Potassium 6 mEq/L (mmol/L)
- C. Potassium 0.5 mEq/L (mmol/L)
- D. Potassium 1.5 mEq/L (mmol/L)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevated potassium levels in CKD clients can lead to life-threatening arrhythmias, so this result needs immediate intervention.