Nokea
Micelle formation is necessary for the intestinal absorption of
- A. Galactose
- B. Vitamin B12
- C. Vitamin D
- D. Bile salts
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Micelles, formed by bile salts, facilitate the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins like vitamin D in the small intestine.
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Ventral [lower] surface of hard palate is covered by:
- A. Pseudo stratifies columnar epith.
- B. Stratified squamous keratinized (parakeratinized).
- C. Stratified squamous non keratinized.
- D. Transitional epith.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ventral surface of the hard palate is covered by stratified squamous epithelium that is keratinized (often parakeratinized) to withstand mechanical stress from food. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium is found in respiratory regions, not here.
Filiform papilla of tongue:
- A. Present at sulcus terminalis.
- B. Covered by Parakeratinized epith.
- C. Carry taste buds.
- D. Has underlying Von Ebner's glands.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Filiform papillae are covered by parakeratinized epithelium and are numerous on the anterior tongue, but they do not carry taste buds or have Von Ebner's glands.
Taste buds are found in the following areas EXCEPT:
- A. Oral mucosa & soft palate
- B. Esophagus
- C. Laryngeal surface of Epiglottis
- D. Tongue papilla
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Taste buds are absent in the esophagus; they are present on the tongue, soft palate, and epiglottis for taste perception.
Carbohydrates are comprised of carbon, , and oxygen.
- A. iron
- B. hydrogen
- C. nitrogen
- D. sulfur
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Carbohydrates consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a specific ratio.
Cardiac glands of stomach, all true except:
- A. Present in the narrow band 10-40 mm wide around the esophageal orifice
- B. Lined by secreting cells that secrete mucous and few lysozymes
- C. Few parietal cells for HCL secretion and some enteroendocrine cells that secrete gastrin.
- D. Pits are relatively deep, occupying one half of the thickness of the mucosa
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cardiac gland pits are shallow, not deep, occupying less than half the mucosal thickness, unlike fundic glands.