Nokea
Mood disorders are those in which the person may
- A. experience severe depression and threaten suicide
- B. exhibit symptoms suggesting physical disease or injury but for which there is no identifiable cause
- C. exhibit behavior that is the result of an organic brain pathology
- D. experience delusions and hallucinations
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mood disorders, like depression, feature extreme emotional states, including suicidal ideation.
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Which situation would be most likely to serve as a trigger to a catastrophic reaction in a client with stage 2 Alzheimer's disease?
- A. Participating in singing 'Happy Birthday' to another client at dinner
- B. Being scolded by an aide for spilling a glass of milk
- C. Listening to Big Band music from the 1940s
- D. Eating cupcakes in the activities room
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because being scolded for spilling milk can trigger feelings of shame, embarrassment, and confusion in a person with Alzheimer's stage 2. This negative interaction can lead to heightened agitation, aggression, or emotional distress due to the client's impaired ability to process and regulate emotions. In contrast, choices A, C, and D involve positive or neutral activities that are less likely to evoke such strong negative emotions or reactions in someone with Alzheimer's disease.
A student nurse visiting a senior center says, 'Its depressing to see these old people. They are weak and frail. I doubt any of them can engage in a discussion.' The student is expressing:
- A. reality
- B. ageism
- C. empathy
- D. vulnerability
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ageism is a bias against older people because of their age. None of the other options applies to the ideas expressed by the student.
In south and east Asia, a man may experience Koro, which is
- A. schizophrenia
- B. insanity
- C. anxiety about his penis receding into his body
- D. depression
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Koro is a culture-bound syndrome involving intense anxiety that one's penis is retracting into the body.
A patient is referred to the visiting nurse agency due to cognitive impairment. Which functional problems is this patient most likely to exhibit?
- A. Inability to bathe and dress independently.
- B. Wandering in and away from his home.
- C. Lability of moods, from sociable to irritable.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Inability to bathe and dress independently. Cognitive impairment can impact a person's ability to remember tasks and follow routines, resulting in difficulties with self-care activities like bathing and dressing. This is a common functional problem seen in patients with cognitive impairment.
Choice B (Wandering) is more indicative of behavioral symptoms like agitation and restlessness. Choice C (Mood lability) is related to emotional regulation and not directly related to functional problems caused by cognitive impairment. Choice D (None of the above) is incorrect as cognitive impairment often leads to difficulties with self-care tasks.
A homeless individual diagnosed with serious mental illness, anosognosia, and a history of persistent treatment nonadherence is persuaded to come to the day program at a community mental health center. Which intervention should be the teams initial focus?
- A. Teach appropriate health maintenance and prevention practices.
- B. Educate the patient about the importance of treatment adherence.
- C. Help the patient obtain employment in a local sheltered workshop.
- D. Interact regularly and supportively without trying to change the patient.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Building trust through regular, supportive interaction (D) is the initial focus to address nonadherence and anosognosia, forming a foundation for later interventions (A, B, C).