Nokea
Mood disorders are those in which the person may
- A. experience severe depression and threaten suicide
- B. exhibit symptoms suggesting physical disease or injury but for which there is no identifiable cause
- C. exhibit behavior that is the result of an organic brain pathology
- D. experience delusions and hallucinations
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mood disorders, like depression, feature extreme emotional states, including suicidal ideation.
You may also like to solve these questions
A 72-year-old client with dementia, who resides in a long-term care facility, frequently goes to her room and cries because she misses her children. This client could benefit most from which intervention?
- A. Life review
- B. Doll therapy
- C. Comfort touch
- D. Audio presence therapy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Audio presence therapy. This intervention involves playing recordings of loved ones' voices to provide comfort and emotional support. For a client with dementia missing her children, hearing their voices can help reduce feelings of loneliness and provide a sense of connection. Life review (A) may not directly address the client's current emotional needs. Doll therapy (B) and comfort touch (C) may provide some comfort but may not be as effective as directly hearing the voices of her children through audio presence therapy (D).
Which theme is most likely during family therapy with parents, siblings, and a teen patient with anorexia nervosa who engages in provocative behavior?
- A. Stable coalitions between family members
- B. Interpreting negative messages as positive
- C. Competition between the patient and father
- D. Lack of trust in the patient by family members
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Competition between the patient and father. In family therapy with a teen patient with anorexia nervosa, the theme of competition between the patient and a parental figure, often the father, can be prominent. The rationale is that the father's influence and expectations can contribute to the teen's feelings of inadequacy and drive for control through anorexic behaviors. This dynamic can be explored and addressed in therapy to improve family relationships and support the patient's recovery.
A: Stable coalitions between family members - This is less likely as anorexia nervosa often disrupts family dynamics.
B: Interpreting negative messages as positive - While this can be a relevant theme, it is not as central to the specific scenario described.
D: Lack of trust in the patient by family members - While trust issues may exist, the theme of competition is more relevant in this context.
The wife of a client diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia asks, 'I've been told that my husband's illness is probably related to imbalanced brain chemicals. Can you be more specific?' The response based on the dopamine hypothesis is:
- A. An increase in the brain chemical dopamine explains the presence of delusions and hallucinations.'
- B. An increase in the brain chemical dopamine explains the presence of lack of motivation and disordered affect.'
- C. Decreased amounts of the brain chemical dopamine explain the presence of delusions and hallucinations.'
- D. Breakdown of dopamine produces LSD, which in large amounts produces psychosis.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-By-Step Rationale:
1. The dopamine hypothesis states that an increase in dopamine is linked to delusions and hallucinations in schizophrenia.
2. Delusions and hallucinations are common positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
3. Therefore, choice A is correct as it directly aligns with the dopamine hypothesis and the symptoms observed in paranoid schizophrenia.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
B. Incorrect because an increase in dopamine is not typically associated with lack of motivation and disordered affect in schizophrenia.
C. Incorrect because decreased amounts of dopamine are not linked to delusions and hallucinations in schizophrenia.
D. Incorrect because the breakdown of dopamine producing LSD and causing psychosis is not supported by the dopamine hypothesis in schizophrenia.
A client who has been diagnosed as having bulimia nervosa is hospitalized for treatment of electrolyte imbalance. Just before lunch is finished, the client leaves the table and walks quickly in the direction of the bathroom. The nurse should say:
- A. No one is allowed to leave the dining room during meals.'
- B. I must accompany you when you go to the bathroom.'
- C. I think I understand your plan, and I cannot permit you to carry it out.'
- D. Wouldn't it be preferable to exercise rather than vomit?'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because accompanying the client to the bathroom is essential to prevent purging behavior associated with bulimia nervosa. By doing so, the nurse can provide support, monitor the client, and intervene if necessary to ensure the client's safety. Choice A is incorrect as it may come across as punitive and restrictive. Choice C is incorrect as it may escalate the situation and lead to confrontation. Choice D is incorrect as it suggests an alternative behavior without addressing the immediate concern of potential purging. Accompanying the client to the bathroom is the most appropriate and therapeutic response in this situation.
Vascular dementia is more common in individuals living in:
- A. The United States
- B. Japan
- C. France
- D. Australia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Japan. Vascular dementia is more common in countries with a high prevalence of risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Japan has a high prevalence of these risk factors due to lifestyle factors and aging population. The other choices (A, C, D) do not have the same level of risk factors or population demographics as Japan, making them less likely to have a higher incidence of vascular dementia.