Nokea
Mr. Gary named his wife to make decisions if he can't. This is an example of?
- A. Health care proxy
- B. Living will
- C. Patient education
- D. Care transition
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Naming his wife for decisions is a health care proxy (A) chosen surrogate, per definition. Living will (B) states wishes, education (C) teaches, transition (D) moves not proxy-specific. A fits Mr. Gary's delegation of authority, making it correct.
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The nurse reviewed Mr. Gary's care to reduce errors. This is an example of?
- A. Quality improvement
- B. Patient-centered care
- C. Nursing informatics
- D. Health promotion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Reviewing care to reduce errors is quality improvement (A) enhancing processes, per definition. Patient-centered (B) tailors, informatics (C) tech, promotion (D) well-being not error-focused. A fits QI's aim, making it correct.
Which of the following provides that nurses must be a member of a national nurse organization?
- A. R.A 877
- B. 1981 Code of ethics approved by the house of delegates
- C. R.A 7164
- D. PNA memorandum no. 22 series of 1922
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The 1981 Philippine Nursing Code of Ethics mandates national organization membership (PNA) e.g., ensuring accountability. R.A. 877 (old law), R.A. 7164 (1991 law), and PNA memos differ. This reflects nursing's collective duty, reinforcing unity and ethical standards in practice.
The nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas results of an assigned client. Which arterial blood gases indicate metabolic alkalosis?
- A. pH of 7.35, Pco2 of $50 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}, \mathrm{HCO} 3- of $32 \mathrm{mEq} / \mathrm{L}$
- B. pH of 7.45, Pco2 of $35 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}, \mathrm{HCO} 3- of $22 \mathrm{mEq} / \mathrm{L}$
- C. pH of 7.38, Pco2 of $45 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}, \mathrm{HCO} 3- of $32 \mathrm{mEq} / \mathrm{L}$
- D. pH of 7.48, Pco2 of $40 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}, \mathrm{HCO} 3- of $36 \mathrm{mEq} / \mathrm{L}$
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Metabolic alkalosis features high pH (>7.45) and elevated HCO3- (>26 mEq/L) with normal Pco2 (35-45 mm Hg). Option D (pH 7.48, Pco2 40, HCO3- 36) fits this, indicating excess base. A is respiratory acidosis. B is normal. C is compensated. D is correct. Rationale: High HCO3- from vomiting or diuretics causes alkalosis, uncompensated here, per ABG interpretation principles.
The nurse raised her fist to Mr. Gary who refused his medication. This is an example of?
- A. Malpractice
- B. Negligence
- C. Assault
- D. Battery
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Raising a fist to Mr. Gary is assault (C) intentional threat, per law. Malpractice (A) and negligence (B) are care failures, battery (D) requires touch. C fits the threatening act, making it correct.
The nurse is caring for a client receiving oxygen therapy via a nasal cannula. Which action by the nurse is appropriate when providing oral care to the client?
- A. Removing the nasal cannula during oral care
- B. Increasing the oxygen flow rate during oral care
- C. Applying petroleum jelly to the client's lips before oral care
- D. Instructing the client to breathe through the mouth during oral care
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Removing the nasal cannula during oral care (A) allows thorough hygiene without interference, briefly tolerable given short duration. Increasing flow (B) is unnecessary. Petroleum jelly (C) isn't for oral care. Mouth breathing (D) isn't needed if removed. Removal, per nursing practice, ensures effective care.