Nokea
Mrs. Rollo has been instructed to check her urine with a multiple test stick. For which abnormal finding should she be particularly alert and report to you when the test is positive?
- A. Glucose
- B. pH of 5
- C. Protein
- D. Ketones
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Proteinuria can indicate kidney damage, a potential side effect of gold therapy.
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A myelogram is ordered for Mr. Tucker to determine the extent of injury. Which of the following would be avoided following this procedure?
- A. Watching him for a possible sensitivity reaction
- B. Elevating his head and thorax 15-30° for 8 hours
- C. Restricting fluid intake for 12 hours
- D. Administering aspirin for headache
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fluid restriction can increase the risk of complications after a myelogram.
A patient has an atherosclerotic plaque in the middle cerebral artery. What does the nurse recognize about this patient's situation?
- A. Assessment will reveal distended jugular veins.
- B. Cerebral circulation may be maintained through the circle of Willis.
- C. The patient will develop a loss of temporal and parietal lobe function.
- D. Increased pressure in the middle cerebral artery will back up into the vertebral arteries.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The circle of Willis can maintain cerebral circulation if one artery is compromised.
After talking with the health care provider, the patient asks what the blood-brain barrier does. What is the best description that the nurse can give the patient?
- A. Protects the brain from external trauma
- B. Protects against harmful blood-borne agents
- C. Provides for flexibility while protecting the spinal cord
- D. Forms the outer layer of protective membranes around the brain and spinal cord
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The blood-brain barrier protects the brain against harmful substances in the blood.
When assessing a patient's level of consciousness, the nurse should:
- A. Evaluate the patient's response to verbal and physical stimuli.
- B. Measure the patient's blood pressure.
- C. Inspect the patient's skin color.
- D. Assess the patient's respiratory rate.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Evaluating a patient's response to verbal and physical stimuli is essential for assessing their level of consciousness. Blood pressure, skin color, and respiratory rate are important but do not directly measure consciousness.
An action potential:
- A. is essential for nerve impulse propagation
- B. involves the influx of negative ions to depolarize the membrane
- C. involves the outflux of negative ions to depolarize the membrane
- D. involves the outflux of positive ions to depolarize the membrane
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An action potential is essential for nerve impulse propagation, as it is the electrical signal that travels along the neuron. It involves the influx of positive sodium ions to depolarize the membrane, not negative ions or potassium ion movements. Therefore, A is the correct answer.