Nokea
Ms. Kweke’s specific management until delivery (obstructed labour):
- A. Immediate caesarean section
- B. Observation with pain relief
- C. Manual repositioning of fetus
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Immediate caesarean section. In obstructed labor, prompt delivery is crucial to prevent harm to both the mother and the baby. A caesarean section is the most effective and timely intervention to safely deliver the baby and avoid complications such as fetal distress, maternal infection, and uterine rupture. Observation with pain relief (B) may delay necessary intervention, and manual repositioning of the fetus (C) is not sufficient in cases of obstructed labor. Choice D is incorrect because not all options are appropriate in this specific scenario.
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Non-infective mastitis is associated with
- A. Cellulitis
- B. Flat nipples
- C. Bifid nipples
- D. Adenitis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Non-infective mastitis is associated with adenitis because it refers to inflammation of breast tissue without an infection. Adenitis specifically involves inflammation of the lymph nodes, which can be a common cause of non-infective mastitis. Cellulitis (A) is an infection of the skin and tissues beneath the skin, not specific to mastitis. Flat (B) and bifid (C) nipples are anatomical variations that do not directly relate to the inflammation of breast tissue.
Psychosocial adversities are among the predisposing factors of puerperal psychosis.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C. -
- D. -
Correct Answer: T
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Puerperal psychosis is a severe mental health condition occurring postpartum.
2. Psychosocial adversities, such as stress or lack of social support, can trigger or exacerbate mental health issues.
3. Therefore, psychosocial adversities can be predisposing factors for puerperal psychosis.
4. Option A (TRUE) is correct as it aligns with the established relationship between psychosocial factors and mental health.
Summary: Option A is correct because psychosocial adversities can indeed contribute to the development of puerperal psychosis, making it a relevant predisposing factor. Options B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not provide any rationale or evidence to support their validity.
How can healthcare providers support women after stillbirth?
- A. Offer emotional counseling
- B. Explain causes clearly
- C. Support in planning future pregnancies
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: 1. Emotional counseling helps women cope with grief.
2. Explaining causes provides closure and understanding.
3. Supporting future pregnancies ensures better outcomes.
4. All options address different aspects of support needed after stillbirth.
5. Therefore, providing emotional counseling, explaining causes, and supporting future pregnancies collectively offer comprehensive care.
A non-pharmacological measure of pain relief in labour includes
- A. Entonox
- B. Cyclothane
- C. Homeopathy
- D. Diamorphine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Homeopathy. Homeopathy involves using highly diluted substances to stimulate the body's natural healing processes. In labor, homeopathy can help manage pain and support relaxation. Entonox (A) and Diamorphine (D) are pharmacological measures, while Cyclothane (B) is not a recognized pain relief option in labor. Homeopathy aligns with non-pharmacological approaches, making it the most suitable choice for pain relief in labor.
A specific clinical feature of respiratory distress syndrome includes
- A. Grunting on inspiration
- B. Grunting on expiration
- C. Flaring of the nostrils
- D. Neonatal tachycardia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Grunting on expiration. In respiratory distress syndrome, the infant may exhibit grunting on expiration due to the difficulty in maintaining lung inflation during exhalation. This is a compensatory mechanism to increase functional residual capacity. Grunting on inspiration (choice A) may be seen in other respiratory conditions. Flaring of the nostrils (choice C) is a sign of increased work of breathing but is not specific to respiratory distress syndrome. Neonatal tachycardia (choice D) can be a nonspecific sign of distress and is not a specific feature of respiratory distress syndrome.