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Ms. Nena suggested to use an analytic approach in their research. Which of the following statements BEST describes the analytic approach?
- A. Focuses on the community's health problems and issues
- B. Utilizes health indicators to define population health
- C. Views factors that influence health and by which interventions to improve health are directed
- D. Addresses the social determines of health to solve community's problems.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The analytic approach refers to a method that views factors that influence health and by which interventions to improve health are directed. In this case, utilizing an analytic approach in the research means looking into the root causes of the health problems in the community, analyzing various factors that contribute to the prevalence of obesity and heart ailments, and developing targeted interventions to address these issues effectively. This approach involves identifying underlying reasons for health problems and strategically planning interventions to improve the health outcomes of the community.
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A patient with a history of Hodgkin lymphoma presents with fever, chills, and generalized malaise. Laboratory tests reveal pancytopenia, circulating Reed-Sternberg cells, and bone marrow involvement. Which of the following conditions is most likely to cause these findings?
- A. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA)
- B. Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)
- C. Aplastic anemia
- D. Paraneoplastic syndrome
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient is presenting with symptoms and laboratory findings consistent with a paraneoplastic syndrome related to Hodgkin lymphoma. In this case, the fever, chills, generalized malaise, pancytopenia, circulating Reed-Sternberg cells, and bone marrow involvement are all indicative of a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with Hodgkin lymphoma. Paraneoplastic syndromes are a group of disorders that are triggered by an abnormal immune response to a neoplasm, such as Hodgkin lymphoma, leading to various systemic manifestations.
A patient with a displaced femoral neck fracture is scheduled for surgical intervention. Which surgical procedure is most appropriate for this type of fracture?
- A. Closed reduction and internal fixation (CRIF)
- B. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF)
- C. Closed reduction and external fixation (CREF)
- D. Closed reduction alone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For a displaced femoral neck fracture, the most appropriate surgical procedure is usually an open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). This procedure involves making an incision to reposition the fractured bone fragments and securing them in place with screws or other fixation devices. ORIF allows for better alignment of the fracture, which is crucial for proper healing and minimizing the risk of complications like avascular necrosis or nonunion. Closed reduction and internal fixation (CRIF) may not be as effective for displaced femoral neck fractures due to the complex nature of the fracture and the need for precise realignment and stability provided by an open surgical approach. External fixation is less commonly used for femoral neck fractures and is typically reserved for certain specific cases where internal fixation is not feasible. Closed reduction alone is unlikely to provide adequate stability for a displaced femoral neck fracture and is generally not recommended as the primary surgical treatment for this type of injury.
The elderly should be affforded health protection by
- A. Avoid end hazards
- B. Pollution environment
- C. Placing them in the home for the aged
- D. Regular health check ups
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Regular health check-ups play a crucial role in the prevention, early detection, and management of health issues, especially for the elderly. By ensuring that the elderly receive regular health check-ups, healthcare providers can monitor their health status, detect any potential health problems early on, and provide appropriate medical interventions. This proactive approach can help protect the elderly from developing serious health issues or complications. Additionally, regular health check-ups can also promote overall health and well-being, allowing healthcare professionals to address any existing health concerns and provide necessary treatments or recommendations to maintain the elderly's health and quality of life.
Which of the following conditions is characterized by excessive menstrual bleeding due to abnormal proliferation of endometrial tissue outside the uterus?
- A. Endometriosis
- B. Endometrial hyperplasia
- C. Leiomyomas (uterine fibroids)
- D. Adenomyosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Endometriosis is a condition characterized by the abnormal growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. One common symptom of endometriosis is excessive menstrual bleeding, known as menorrhagia. This excessive bleeding is due to the presence of endometrial tissue in abnormal locations, leading to inflammation, scarring, and blood accumulation. In severe cases, endometriosis can lead to the formation of adhesions, cysts, and scar tissue, causing significant pain and fertility issues for affected individuals. Endometrial hyperplasia, leiomyomas (uterine fibroids), and adenomyosis are other gynecological conditions, but they do not involve the abnormal proliferation of endometrial tissue outside the uterus like endometriosis does.
The nurse reviews the patient 's plan of care. Which of the following nursing diagnose will be the PRIORITY?
- A. Fluid volume, deficit
- B. Risk for pain, acute
- C. Coping, ineffective
- D. Body image, disturbed
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In prioritizing nursing diagnoses, the nurse should consider issues that pose the greatest risk to the patient's immediate well-being. A fluid volume deficit can lead to dehydration and potentially life-threatening complications, making it a priority to address. It is crucial to restore fluid balance to maintain normal body functions and prevent further deterioration of the patient's condition. Ensuring adequate hydration is essential for the patient's overall health and recovery. The other options, such as risk for pain, coping, and body image disturbances, while important, are not as urgent as addressing a fluid volume deficit.