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Myra told Budek 'I cannot sleep, I stay away all night' Budek told her 'You have difficulty sleeping' This is what type of therapeutic communication technique?
- A. Reflecting
- B. Restating
- C. Exploring
- D. Seeking clarification
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Budek's 'You have difficulty sleeping' is restating (B), rephrasing Myra's 'I cannot sleep' to show listening. Reflecting (A) echoes feelings (e.g., 'You're restless?'). Exploring (C) probes (e.g., 'Why can't you?'). Clarification (D) seeks meaning (e.g., 'What keeps you awake?'). Restating validates Myra's issue, per communication theory, making B correct.
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Mr. Gary lost his job and feels overwhelmed. This is an example of?
- A. Crisis
- B. Illness
- C. Disability
- D. Stress
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Job loss feeling overwhelming is a crisis (A) sudden disruption, per definition. Illness (B) is disease, disability (C) loss, stress (D) response not event-specific. A fits acute imbalance, making it correct.
Which of the following statement best describe crisis?
- A. A chronic condition
- B. A sudden event disrupting homeostasis
- C. A minor inconvenience
- D. A permanent state
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Crisis is a sudden event disrupting homeostasis (B), per Caplan overwhelming balance (e.g., loss). Chronic (A) is ongoing, minor (C) understates, permanent (D) misframes crisis resolves. B best defines crisis's acute nature, making it correct.
What best describes nurses as a care provider?
- A. Determine client's need
- B. Provide direct nursing care
- C. Help client recognize and cope with stressful psychological situation
- D. Works in combined effort with all those involved in patient's care
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: As care providers, nurses first assess client needs e.g., identifying respiratory distress before delivering care. This foundational step ensures interventions (like oxygen therapy) are targeted and effective, unlike direct care (an outcome), psychological support (a subset), or collaboration (a method). Accurate need determination, rooted in the nursing process, is the bedrock of care provision, guiding all subsequent actions in clinical practice.
He was called the father of sanitation.
- A. Abraham
- B. Hippocrates
- C. Moses
- D. Willam Halstead
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Moses, in ancient Hebrew texts, set sanitation laws e.g., waste disposal, quarantine earning the 'father of sanitation' title. Abraham (patriarch), Hippocrates (medicine), and Halstead (surgery) differ. His Leviticus codes predate modern hygiene, influencing public health and nursing's infection control foundations.
The nurse is caring for a client with a T4 spinal cord injury. Which finding indicates that the client is experiencing neurogenic shock?
- A. Blood pressure 82/40 mm Hg, pulse 48 beats/min
- B. Blood pressure 150/90 mm Hg, pulse 110 beats/min
- C. Blood pressure 110/70 mm Hg, pulse 88 beats/min
- D. Blood pressure 130/80 mm Hg, pulse 62 beats/min
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Neurogenic shock in T4 SCI features hypotension and bradycardia (A, 82/40, 48 bpm) from sympathetic loss. Hypertension/tachycardia (B) suggests dysreflexia. C and D are normalish. A is correct. Rationale: Loss of vasomotor tone below T4 causes vasodilation and unopposed vagal activity, per SCI pathophysiology, requiring fluids and atropine.